BF 879 
.G7 
Copy 1 



MIRB.OFL. 




Professor P, Graham's 
NEW SYSTEM 

OF 

Reading Character. 

WITH RULE, CALIPERS & TAPE. 



Note— Fof No. 42 see depth of Animal Brain The figures cannot be 

j'i.icrd just as correct as we would wish, bur reading the faculties will set thirf 
right. For instance. No 4 (Self Esteem) would do about quarter of an inch 
higher up, and sOTm with ?omc few others. 



Frank Leslie's Publications, 

UNITED STATES POSTAGE RATES. 

Prepaid quarterly, in advance, at the subscriber's post> 
office — on the Lady's Magazine, six cents per quarter ; on the 
Illustrated Newspaper, Illustrirte Zeituno, Boys' and Gums' 
Weekly, five cents per quarter ; on the Bcdoet ok Fix am 1 
JPleasant Hours, three cents per quarter 

POSTAiE TO CANADA. 

The same rates as above, but, as the posta^ j Oanadiar 
subscriptions must be prepaid in New York Canadian suS 
scribers will, therefore, in all cases add the amount of poeta^ 
to the amount of subscription. 

Our publications are always stopped when the term 
subscription expires. It is not necessary to give notice 
discontinuance. 

In sending subscriptions; or corresponding be cai 
send Name and Address in full. 

We cannot change the address of a subscriber unless 
gives his formes as well as his present address. 

We employ no traveling agents. Addn 
muni eat ions to || W,l 

FRANK LESLIE, 

537 3?OArl Stroot, :KTc--\*r Yorl 



THE MIRROR; 



OR, 



MATHEMATICALLY DISSECTED. 

WITI^ JOINTS ON T^E IMPROVEMENT OF BODY ytjND MIND.. 

BV 

JPROFESSOR P. GRAHAM,. 

Editor, /Juthor. & Orator, late of Edinburgh, Scotland. 



" O wad some power the giftie gie us 
To see oursel's as ithers see us. 
It wad frae mony a blunder free us, 
An' foolish notion/' 

M The proper study of mankind is man.'' 

" How much better is it to get wisdom than gold.' 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the ye»r 1873, by Prof. P. Graham, in the 
office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 



Jersey City : 
W. L, DOWNS, TIMES PRESS, 44 MONTGOMERY STREET,. 

1873. 



THE MIPIROH. 




' 



Professor P, Graham's 
NEW SYSTEM 

OF 

Reading Character. 

WITH RULE, CALIPERS & TAPE. 



NorK_For No. 42 see depth of Animal Brain. The Qfurei cannot !>o 
piacedjust as correct as we would wish, bu( reading the faculties will set this 
right For instance, No. 4 (Self-Esteem) would do about quarter oi an inch 
tl.gher up, and so on with some few others. 



THE IMIIIFtiFLOIFL. 



1 . Philo pi ogen iti ve . . e$ 
J 2. Inhabiiiveness. 

3. Concentratr 

4. Self-esteem. 

5. Firmne-s. 

6. Veneration. 

7. Benevolence. 

8. Human Naturfe. 

9. Comparison. 
Eventuali y. 
^adividual'.ty. 

12. Casnality. 

13. Humorousness. 

14. Ideality. 
Sublimity. 

16. Caution. 

17. Love of Approbate 

18. Adhesiveness. 

19. Combat: veness. 

20. Marriage. 

21. Amativeness. 



Iv). Eve 
11. Ind: 




^ 3U 



22. Alirnentiveness. 

23. Preservativeness. 

24. Sccretiveness. 

25. Acquisitiveness. 

26. Construe tiveness. 
Weight. 

28. Color. 

29. Oder. 
0. 2>umler. 

ocality. 

"132. Time. 

I 

Tune. 

1 34. Conscientiousness. 



1 



*■■& x$ 



"p. 




35. Hope. 

36. Marvelousness. 

37. Imitation 

38. Language. 
1 33. Form. 

41. Agreeableness. 

42. Destructiveness. 



Take depth of animal brain, with rule; 1 to 11 are single 
facul us, to be measured with rule. All other numbers are the 
same at each side of the head, to be measured with calipers. 



TO THE READER. 



Sir Wm. Hamilton says,,*- There is nothing great on earth 
but man, and there is nothing* great in man but mind." This 
is a truism well expressed. I have (ever since reading Stone's 
work in opposition to Bumpology, in which he gives measure- 
ments to disprove it), taken measurements myself to prove 
that Phrenology is an indisputable science. I publish the same 
in this work, so that any person can take tape, rule an<Sf 
callipers and read the true character of any man or woman 
living. If the measurements do not agree with the facts, it 
will be an easy matter to overthrow my whole system. In this 
work will be found invaluable hints on the improvement of the 
liuman mind ; so that the crime, political villainy, and the 
social depravity that is rampant in our midst, may be stamped 
out. The hints on health, 6n self-improvement, on how to 
make the most of talent, &c, to lovers, to husbands, wives 
and to parents, are of a mo$t important character. Preachers, 
public instructors, teachers, &c, will find in this work food for 
thought. Read it over carefully, digest it thoroughly, and act 
on the advice given, and you will find that it will lay a 
foundation for a better state of things, spiritually, mentally, 
morally and socially. 



INTRODUCTION. 

TEMPERAMENTS. 
Mental: — Is indicated by light complexion; large 
brain; small stature; light, fine hair; a thin, clear and deli- 
cate skin; chest small ; a sparkling eye, and a quick mo- 
tion. (Fond cf study.) 

Sanguine: — Large heart, lungs, and stomach. Body full 

' and round; cheeks full, plump and round. Broad shoulders, 

full chest, strong pulse; base of the brain large ; red hair, 

blue eyes; fair complexion; and fresh, ruddy countenance. 

(Fond of pleasure.) 

Fibrous: — Black hair, dark skin; strong muscles, large 
joints, high cheek bones; strong constitution; fond of work, 

: : — Skin soft, muscles weak ; large abdo- 
men; fond of sensuous pleasures; the brain languid in all 
that is mental. The stomach is the most active faculty 
in this temperament. (Not fond of work.) 
v 

INTELLECTUAL BRAIN 

Is located in the front part of the head. The perceptive 
powers are at the lower part, over the eyes ; the reason- 
ing powers are above. If the head be perpendicular, 
standing out 3 inches before the Zygomatic Arch, the 
mind will be extra strong. Veryjarge, 2 7-8; large, 2 3-4; 
rather large, 2 1-2; average, 2 inches; full 1 3-4; mo- 
derate, 1 1-2; small 1 1-4; very small, 1 inch. Many 
persons are mistaken who take bumps for their guide. 
Take for instance the perceptive brain, small 1 1-4, and 
the reason brain, moderate 1 1-2. This would make 



6 THE MIRROR. 

the bumps project out 1-4 of an inch and they wouid 
look very large when they are only moderate. Again, 
take the perceptive brain, very large 2 7-8, and the 
reasoning brain, rather large 2 1-2. Here we would 
have the head receding 3-8 of an inch. This is how 
mistakes have been made by those who do not under- 
stand these measurements. Let the science be studied, 
as laid down in this book, and we will be able to give 
the character of persons without blundering. 



MORAL AND SPIRITUAL BRAIN 

Is located above the line drawn from comparison to 
caution. When extra large, this part of the head will 
measure 2 3-4 inches; very large, 2 5-8; large, 2 1-2; 
rather large, 2 1-4;, average, 1 7-8; full, 1 3-4; moderate, 1 
1-2; small, 1 1-4; very small, 1 inch. When taken, these 
and other measurements, as given in this work, it will be 
well just to lay the hand upon the part of the head 
measured, so as to test the widths and breadths of the 
faculties. The moral for instance may measure 21-2 
large, and when you place your hand on this part of the 
head it may run flat at each side up to firmness from 
caution, and the same in the front of the head over ben- 
evolence, then the moral brain would only be average. 
So with the social brain. After measuring with the rule, 
tost the width with your hand or with the callipers. If 
these ^hints be attended to, you will soon be able to read 
character. The measurements, as given in this work, arc 
for heads that measure round with the tape 22 to 21 im 



THE MIRROR. 



inches. If the head should be 24, or above, then the sizes 
will change some little, that is to say if the measurement 
laid down here should be 6 inches, very large; 5 3-4 large, 
etc., for a head 22 to 23 inches; for a head 24 inches, 
and above, 6 i~4verv large, and 6 large, etc. If the head 
be under say 20 inches to 22, then 5 3-4 would be very 
1; large, and 5 1-2 large; and so on — you must make allow- 
ances for size ©^temperament. The temperaments must 
be taken into consideration when estimating size. For in- 
stance, 2 inches of intellectual brain would be average in 
the mental temperament, and the same measurement in the 
lympM^Sr temperament would be very small. Make 
, the temperaments your study with the sizes, and no one 
' can question your ability to read character correctly. 



SOCIAL BRAIN 

Is located at the back part of the head. When extra 
large, it will measure with a rule from the mastiod bone 
at the back of the ear, to the back part of the head, 3 
inches; very large, 2 7-8; large, 2 3-4; rather large, 2 1-2; 
average, 2 inches; full, 1 3-4; moderate 1 1-2; small, 
I 1-4; very small, 1 inch. 



ANIMAL BRAIN 

Is located from the orifice of the ear up to caution. 
When extra large it will measure between these two 
points 4 1-2 inches with a rule. This size of brain would 
kill, steal, or do anything that is bad and wicked. Very 



8 THE MIRROR. 

large, 4 1-4; very strong passion. Large, 3 7-8; rathei 
large, 3 1-4; average, 2 7-8; full, 2 5-8; moderate, 2 1-4: 
small, 2; very small, 1 3-4. Passion is easy crushed in 
the shell; but if you let it grow it turns to a serpent, a 
dragon, a devil. In order to preserve chastity, fly from 
all occasions, temptations, looseness of company, balls, 
revelings, indecent mixtures of wanton dancing, idle talk, 
private society with strange women, starings upon a 
beauteous face, and the company of wine drinkers, and you 
will be safe. When this part of the brain is very large, 
benevolence and all the finer sentiments will be small 



SELFISH BRAIN 

Is located between the centre of the Zygomatic Arch 
and the mastiod bone at the back of the ear. Measure 
with the rule; and if it be 3 inches the person will be 
very selfish. Very large, 2 7-8; large 2 3-4; rather 
large 2 1-2; average, 2 inches; full 1 3-4; moderate, 
I 1-2; small 1 1-4; very small, 1 inch. The false pro- 
verbs taught our young men have much to do with the 
human mind being cursed with so much selfishness. 
Would that it could be stamped from the mind of man, 
and the false proverbs blotted out also. Thomas Hughes, 
in speaking to the young men of Oxford, through " Tom 
Brown, " says, " A young fellow must sow his wild 
oats." [n all the wide range of maxims, there is 
none, take it for all in all, more thoroughly abominable 
than this one as to the sowing of wild oats. Look at it 
on which side you will, and I defy you to make anything 
but a Devil's maxim of it. 



THE MIRROR 



SOCIAL FACULTIES. 

I These desire to live in Society, form Social Unions 9 
Marriage, &c. 

AMATIVENESS. 

. Located at the top part of the neck, behind the ears. 

When extra large the neck will swell out, and measure 
ten and a half inches with tape, from mastiod bone to 
mastiod bone at the back of the ears. With weak moral 
brain, will be sensual, base and immoral. Would not 
scruple to degrade and demoralize the pure and innocent. 
Very large, ten inches, with very large animal brain, 
will be gross, vulgar and licentious^ and will indulge the 
sexual feelings to excess. Large, nine inches, will wor- 
ship the opposite sex. With large moral brain and 
marriage faculties, will be loving, affectionate, and hon- 
est to the one loved. Rather large, eight inches, ex- 
perience a good degree of love for the opposite sex. 



IO THE MIRROR. 

Average, seven inches, can only love those who harmonize 
with their own mind. Full, six and a half inches, some 
feeling bat rather cool. Moderate, six inches, experi- 
ence but little of the elevating power of love. Small, 
five and one-half inches, will never be happy in the 
married state. Very small — five inches — destitute of 
love ; dislike the opposite sex. 

Many persons marry with this faculty very small ; 
they always regret it after marriage. Some marry* 
for selfish purposes : such make their homes very 
miserable. 

When Amativeness measures ten and one-half inches, 
animal brain four inches, moral brain one and one-half 
inches — such persons will be deceiving and licentious. 
They have a great power to fascinate the opposite sex. 
These heads have no respect for virtue or the virtuous. 
Let the good understand this subject, and their homes 
will be protected from those who are base and licentious. 
And thus the pure and innocent can be protected from 
such monsters, who are without principle or honor. 

I may here state that the temperaments and the size 
of the brain, animal and moral, has much to do with the 
size of Amativeness. The sizes that I give in this work 
are for heads that measure round with tape twenty-two 
to twenty-three inches. Allowance must be made for 
heads that are over or under these sizes. I will explain 
this more fully further on. 

I will give here a few hints that will be very useful to 
lovers as well as to the married. " God saw that it was 
good, that everything should bring forth fruit according 
to its kind." If this was not a fixed law in nature, the 



THE MIRROR. 

tdebauch.ee, the cheat, the robber, or the murderer, would 
be able to look upon the prospects of their posterity with 
the same confidence as the pious and intelligent Christian 
who had sought to know and obey God's laws. A few 
cases, given by some of the ablest and best physiologists 
in their time, will satisfy the minds of the thoughtful. 

The great Haller says — " That he knew two noble 
ladies who got husbands on account of their wealth, al- 
though they were nearly idiots. This mental defect ex- 
tended for a century into several families, so that some of 
their descendants still continue idiots. " 

I give measurements whereby the strong mind can de- 
tect the weak. It is not good for society that people 
with only one and one-half inches of intellect 
should get married. Dr. Browne gives the case or a 
gentleman who possessed a very large animal brain and 
very small intellect, He was a domestic despot ; he as- 
saulted his wife and all around him ; his son was furi- 
ously and irrecoverably mad. Dr. Gregory most em- 
phatically says — "That frequently parents live over again 
in their offspring — not merely in countenance and bodi- 
ly conformation, but in the general features of their minds, 
in virtues and vices." 

George Combe gives a number of cases which are 
worthy of the notice of thoughtful people. The first one 
is of a man who had a large animal brain. He married 
a lady with a small moral brain. Their children were 
immoral profligates. They picked their father's pocket, 
stole his goods and sold them, and spent the money in 
betting, cock-fighting, drinking and low debauchery. 
The second case, " The man had a very large faculty of 



12 THE MIRROR. 

combativeness, with large animal brain. His intellect 
was rather large. He married a fashionably-educated 
kdy with a small moral brain. The children deceived 
and plundered their father, and spent the money in ar- 
dent spirits. These children inherited the deficient mo- 
rality of their mother and the ill temper of the father. 
Their fireside was a theatre of war. The father's life 
was not safe — he had to remove his children from his 
house." Third case : The father had a large animal 
and small moral brain ; the mother had a large moral 
brain and large intellect. " The sons that inherited the 
father's brain died through sheer debauchery and profit 
gacy, under thirty years of age. Those who resembled 
the mother lived to a good age, and were little contamU 
nated, even amidst all the disadvantages of evil example. " 
Dr. Browne says that " drunkards impart to their pro- 
geny that feverish sensibility, that craving for stimulants, 
or that enfeeblement of the powers, which result from 
such habits. Whatever tends to exalt, or depress, or 
disturb the functions of the nervous system in the parent 
tends to create a predisposition to mental imperfection 
in the child. Their daughters are nervous and hysteri- 
cal, their sons weak and wayward and eccentric; they 
sink insane under the presure of excitement or of the or- 
dinary calls of nature." He further states " that he was 
called upon to treat a boy about sixteen years of age, 
among whose relations no case of derangement could be 
pointed out. No cause could be assigned except puberty 
and a single glass of spirits. His father, however, 
had been a drunkard. This boy would pass one week 
in perfect tranquility, and the next in furious, incoherent 



THE MIRROR. I J 

madness." Dr, Browne had three patients ; two of them 
inherited a tendency to unhealthy action of the brain 
from their mothers, who were addicted to drinking 
The other was an idiot — his father was a drunkard. " 

A gentleman said " that he lived in a county where 
the gentlemen were much addicted to drinking. I was 
one of their number, My sons, born at that time, al- 
though educated in a good moral atmosphere, turned out 
drunkards, I removed to a town, and formed mure cor- 
rect habits. My children that were born after this 
were not the victims of this propensity." The angel 
speaking to Sampson's mother said, ** Beware, I pray 
thee, and drink not wine nor strong drink ; for thy 
child shall be a Nazarite to God from his birth to his 
death." 

Parents cannot be too careful as to their habits, as to 
drinking strong drink, &c, &c. It is a well known fact 
that when the animal brain is constantly excited by 
drink, that insanity, when it occurs, will present noth- 
ing bat brutality and violence. Andrew Combe says, 
and says truly, <c That so long as we show contempt for 
God's will, bv neglect of the conditions on which alone 
he offers safety, it seems more akin to presumption than 
to reverence to expect a special interference of his provi- 
dence as to avert the consequences of our deliberate dis- 
obedience. I am so far from setting aside the influence 
of Divine Providence that on the contrary my chief ob- 
ject is to enforce attention to its ever present existence, 
and, by explaining the mode in which it operates, to 
point ouc the surest way of obtaining its aid in all our 
attempts at improving our own condition. It is the 



14 THE MIRROR. 

grossest perversion of truth to say that because we insist 
•on the use of the means which God himself has ap- 
pointed. We neither deny nor set aside the operation 
of his will. God acts according to fixed laws, which 
he has forseen to be sufficient for every case, and to dis- 
regard them is as truly to rebel against his will as it 
would be to act in the face of his written command- 
ments. 

Dr. Caldwell speaks wisely when he says u That cul- 
tivation will improve our offspring. A skillful agriculturist 
wishing to improve the breed of his cattle does not im- 
ploy for that purpose immature animals. Experience 
teaches us not to expect fruit of the best quality from 
immature fruit trees or vines," A celebrated French wri- 
ter says. " That if as much care was taken to perpetuate 
pure races of men as some nations take in horses, what 
a much improved class of people we would have !" The 
Circassian and the Georgian brain stands high in the 
moral and intellectual brain. This type causes the no- 
bles of Persia to marry the Circassian. We are told by 
travelers that the race of nobles in Persia are the most 
gifted in natural qualities, bodily and mentally, of any 
class in the country. It is opposite to this in Spain, 
where the law is set at defiance. 

If ladies and gentlemen were as careful about taking 
partners as insurance companies are in taking members 
it would be well for the world, morally, socially and in- 
tellectually. The following are the questions which 
must be answered by credible and intelligent witnesses 
before an individual can be insured : How long have 
you known Mr. A. B. ? Has he had the gout ? Has 



THE MIRROR. I J 

he had a spitting of blood, asthma^ consumption, &c. ? 
Do you consider him at all predisposed to any of these 
complaints ? Has he been afflicted with fits or mental 
derangement ? Do you think his constitution perfectly 
good ? Are his habits in every respect strictly regular 
and temperate ? Is he at present in perfect health ? Is 
there anything in his former habits of living or business 
which you are of opinion may shorten his life ? What: 
are the complaints his family are most subject to ? Are 
you aware of any reason why an insurance might not 
with safety be effected on his life ? I should very much, 
like that questions and investigations of a similar char- 
acter would take place before the affections were settled 
on an object to love. A few questions like the follow- 
ing could be put to a Phrenologist with great profit :. 
Would he or she love truly, be kind, be honest, be in- 
dustrious, be a good father or mother, take an interest in. 
home, do what is right and just as husband and wife, &c. 
If this were done we would not have the crime and im- 
morality that we have in our midst. 

I hope the above remarks will be of service to the 
young, and that they will make the married more careful 
as to their habits. Those who wish well to society can- 
not give too much of their time to the study of this sub- 
ject. It would put a stop to the amiable, virtuous and 
talented being united to the morose, unprincipled and 
ignorant. To those with strong amativeness I would 
say, spend the day well and you will rejoice at night ; 
cease to be vicious and you will cease to fear. If ithon 
wouldst live till thou art old, live as if thou wert to die 
young. Endeavor to have as little to do with thy pas- 



l6 THE MIRROR. 

sions as thou canst. In the morning think what difficul- 
ties and temptations thou art like to meet with during 
the day, and fortify thyself particularly against them. 
Hold not conference, debate or reasoning with lust ; it 
is but a preparatory for the admission of it. The way is 
at first to flatly deny it, for the sensual satisfactions are 
little and short compared with the torments of Hell ; it 
can never be worth thy pains to be damned 
for them. Kings who gain battles and take cities are 
obliged for their laurels to the gallant captains and 
soldiers ; but thou, if thou but vanquishest thy ill appe- 
tites and passions, will be indebted to thy own valor for 
that glorious victory, and better meritest the name of 
hero. 

George Combe says " That when the cerebellum is 
large, and the temperament active, the individual be- 
comes distinguished from his fellows by the predomi- 
nance of his amorous propensities. In all his vacant 
moments his mind dwells on subjects related to this 
faculty, and the gratification of it is the most important 
object of his thoughts. If his moral and intellectual or- 
gans be weak, he will, without scruple, invade the sanc- 
tity of unsuspecting innocence, and connubial bliss, and 
become a deceiver, destroyer and sensual fiend of the 
most hideous description. Spurzheim suggests the pro- 
priety of instructing young persons in the consequences 
of its improper indulgence, as preferable to keeping 
them in." " A state of ignorance, that may provoke a 
fatal curiosity, compromising in the end their own and 
their descendants' bodily and mental constitution !" 



THE MIRROR. 



PHILOPROGENITIVENESS- 

Moral Use — Parental Affection — Love of Children — 
Abuse Pampering to Them. 

This faculty is situated at the back part of the head,, 
above the small bone called the occipital process,, 
when extra large this part of the head will measure from 
the mastiod bone at the back of the ear to the back part 
of the head 3 1-8 inches; gives the mind an ab- 
surd indulgence to children, with an excessive pamper- 
ing to them. Very large, 2 7-8, idolizes children; apt 
to spoil them ; will grieve much at their loss. 
Large, 2 3-4, great favorite with children, and will do 
much for them. Rather large, 2 1-2 inches, will do 
much for children, but not more than necessary. Aver- 
age, 2 inches, love children tolerably well ; but will keep 
them in their proper place. Full, 1 3-4, cannot bear 
much from children. Moderate, 1 1-2, has some, but 
very little love for children. Small, 1 1-8,. 
no love or regard for children. Very small, 1 inchj 
hates children and will abuse them. To cultivate, be 
more patient and tender towards children. To restrain, 
be less indulging to them. Parents with this faculty very 
large ought to restrain it so as to be able to properly 
train their offspring. The children of such parents^ are apt 
to become a pest and a nuisance to society. If the faculty 
be small it ought to be cultivated, by not abusing their 
children. Correct them with kindness, If parents 
will study this subject of Phrenology, it would be very 



l8 THE MIRROR.. 

important to them, for the proper training of their chil- 
dren. Some children require one class of treatment that 
would not do for others, and vice versa. In fact this sub- 
ject will rectify all mistakes and enable parents to rightly 
improve their offspring, according to their nature. 

Dr. Spursheim examined 37 child-muraerers. 30 of 
them were small in this faculty. "All women," he says, 
"do not desire to become mothers. Some consider their 
pregnancy as a great misfortune; others seek various pre- 
texts in order to remove their children out of the house. 
There are others, who being freed from shame, reproach 
and misery, and many inconveniences, by the loss of 
their illegitimate children, yet shed tears for a long time 
after at the remembrance of them. Others, on the con- 
trary, see their legitimate offspring buried without a 
pang. < Thus it is, beyond a doubt, that natural love of 
offspring is very weak in some women." 

Mothers who have this faculty large and active may be 
observed to kiss and fondle their infants, and press them 
to their bosom. Dr. Gull says : "If I had a city there 
should arise in its midst, as an emblem of domestic hap- 
piness, a mother nursing her child." 

Children and Disease. — To prevent the rickets, 
tenderness and weakness, dip them in cold water at least 
till they are nine months old. No stays ought to be 
used. It's best to wean a child when seven months old. 
No child should touch any spiritous or fermented liquor. 
Their drink should be water. For breakfast they should 
have milk porridge or water toast. 



THE MIRROR. I9 

Whooping Cough — Cure. — Rub the feet thoroughly 
with hog's lard before the fire, at going to bed, and keep 
the child warm therein, or rub the back at lying down 
with old rum ; it seldom fails. 

Convulsions. — Scrape piony roots, fresh dug. Apply 
what you have scraped off to the soles of the feet. It 
helps immediately. 

Measles. — Drink only thin water gruel — plenty of it 
if the cough be very troublesome; take frequently a 
spoonful of barley water, sweetened with oil of sweet al- 
monds, newly drawn, mixed with syrup of maiden hair. 
After the measles give three or four purges, use light 
diet, take plenty of barlev water, and take care of cold. 

For worms take one or two drachms of powdered fern 
root, boiled in mead. This kills both the flat and round, 
worms. Repeat the medicine from time to time. 

Dr. Andrew Combe says "that there are many instances 
known in which idiocy in the offspring has been the re- 
sult, of accidental intoxication on the part of a generally 
temperate father." A stronger motive to regularity of 
living can scarcely be given to a right minded parent 
than the simple statement of their permanent influence 
on the future of their offspring. Many a father has 
grieved over his wayward sons, without suspecting that 
they actually derived their origin from some forgotten 
irregularity of their own. 

In the play of Pizarro the conspicuous characters are 
Alonzo, Rolla, Pizarro, Cora and her child. Alonzo is 
taken prisoner by the Spaniards, and is to die the fol- 
lowing morning. Rolla bears the sad tidings to Cora, 
who intimates, in the agcnv of her heart, that Rolla had 



20 THE MIRROR. 

betrayed her Alonzo, to gain, by Alonzo's death, her 
hand. Rolla, who had renounced his claim to Cora, on 
account of her attachment to Alonzo, was so agonized 
by this suspicion as to determine to go to the camp of 
the enemy, find out the dungeon wherein Alonzo was 
confined, bribe the guard, and bid Alonzo escape, while 
he remained. The brave, the devoted friend, arrives, 
enters the cavern, where he is thus accosted by the sen- 
tinel : 

Sentinel. Who's there ? Answer, quickly r" Who's 
there ? 

Rolla. A friar, come to visit your prisoner. Inform 
me, friend, is not Alonzo, the Spanish prisoner* confined 
in this dungeon ? 

Sen, He is. 

Rolla. I must speak with him. 

Sen, You must not. 

Rolla. He is my friend ! 

Sen. Not if he were thy brother ! 

Rolla. What is his fate ? 

Sen . He dies at sunrise. 

Rolla. Then I come in time. 

Sen. Just to witness his death. 

Rolla. Soldier, I must speak with him. 

Sen. Back, back. It is impossible ! 

Rolla. I do entreat thee but for one moment. 

Sen. Thou entreat'st in vain ; my orders are most 
strict. 

Rolla Even now I saw a messenger go hence. 

Sen. He brought a pass, which we are all accus- 
tomed to obev. 



m I 



THE MIRROR. 21 

Rolla. Look on this massive wedge of gold; look on 
these precious gems. In thy own land they will be 
wealth for thee and thine beyond thy hope or wish. 
Take them ; they are thine. Let me but pass one mo- 
ment with Aionzo, 

Sen. Away ! Would'st thou corrupt me ? Me ! 
an old Castilian ! I know my duty better ! 

(Judges and politicians, think well over these, the 
words of a poor soldier, and be honest, for the sake 
of this great Commonwealth.) 

Rolla. Soldier, hast thou a wife? 

Sen. I have. 

Roller Hast thou children ? 

Sen. Four honest, lovely boys. 

Rolla. Where did'st thou leave them ? 

Sen. In my native village ; even in the cot where 
myself was born. 

Rolla. Dost thou love thy children and wife ? 

Sen. Do I love them ? God knows my mind, I 
do. 

Rolla. Soldier, imagine thou wert doomed to die a 
cruel death in this strange land, what woulds't be thy 
last request ? 

Sen. That some of my comrades should carry my 
dying blessing to my wife and children. 

Rolla. Oh ! but if that comrade were at thy prison 
door, and should there be told, thy fellow soldier dies a 
sunrise, yet thou shalt not for a moment see him, nor shalt 
thou bear his dying blessing to his poor children or his 
wretched wife, what coulds't thou think of him who 
thus could drive thv comrade from thy door ? 



22 THE MIRROR. 

Sen. How ? 

Rolla. Alonzo has a wife and child. I am come Sir 
to receive for her and her babe the blessing of my 
friend* 

Sen. Go in. 

Here we find that an appeal to acquisitiveness failed, 
but an appeal to philoprogenitiveness succeeded in lead- 
ing the soldier to neglect his duty, though not as a man.. 
Rolla is admitted ; and Alonzo assumes his dress and. 
escapes. 



INHABITIVENESS. 

Moral Use — Love of Home and Attachment to Coun- 
try — Abuse — Needless Pining about Home and 
Country. 

It is located 3-4 of an inch above philoprogenitive- 
ness. When extra large it will measure from the mas- 
tiod bone back 3 inches ; pining after home, home sick, 
when from it. Very large, 2 7-8, regards home as the 
dearest spot on earth. Large, 2 3-4, strongly, attached 
to home and country,, and leaves them reluctantly. 
Rather large, 2 1-2, loves home and country very well. 
Average, 2 inches, can leave home or country when in- 
terest requires it. Full, 1 3-4, some love for home, but 
not grieve much about it. Moderate, 1 1-2^ take 
very little interest in home, place or country. Small, 
I 1-4, cares little for home,, leaves it without regret. 
Very small, 1 1-2 inch, no regard for home or country » 



THE MIRROR. 23 

To cultivate, think more of home and spend the best 
-part of your spare time there. To restrain, think less 
of home and country. Homes are very often neglected 
by diis faculty being small. Many a husband has been 
<3riven to drink through this faculty being weak in the 
-wife, and many a wife has been driven to destruction 
through the husband being weak in this faculty also. 

It is to be hoped that greater pains will be taken to 
think more of home and its comforts. Those who 
have this faculty very large ought never to emigrate. 
This would be a great saving of time and money. 
Thousands upon thousands who emigrate, do so only to re- 
turn in a very short time. Southey says: 

11 When I have gazed 
From some high eminence on lovely vales, 
And cots and village embowered below, 
The thought would rise that all to me was strange 
Amid the scenes so fair, nor one small spot 
Where my tired mind might rest and call it home. 

Mrs. Francis Osgood beautifully expresses this feeling 
in the following lines : 

Let the gay and the idle go forth where they will, 

In search of soft pleasure, that syren of ill, 

Let them seek her in fashion's illumined saloon 

Where melody mocks at the heart out of tune ; 

Where the laugh gushes light from the lips of the maiden; 

"Where her spirit, perchance, is with sorrow o'erladen ; 

And where, 'mid the garlands Joy only should braid, 

Is slander, the snake, by its rattle betrayed. 

Oh, no I let the idle for happiness roam, 

For me — I had ask to be happy at home ! 



24 THE MIRROR. 

I ask not that luxury curtain my room 

With damask from India's exquisite loom ? 

The sunlight of heaven is precious to me, 

And muslin will veil it if blazing too free; ♦ 

The elegant trifles of fashion and wealth 

I need not — I ask but comfort and health ! 

With these and my dear ones, I care not to roam„ 

For, oh ! I am happy, most happy at home ! 

One bright little room where the children may play* 
Unfearful of spoling the costly array ; 
Where he, too — our dearest of all on earth — 
May find the sweet welcome he finds at his hearth ; 
The fire blazing warmly, the sofa drawn nigh; 
And the star-lamp alight on the table close by ; 
A few sunny pictures in simple frames shrined, 
A few precious volumes — The wealth of the mind, 
And here and there treasured some gem of art, « 
To kindle the fancy or soften the heart ; 
Thus richly surrounded, why, why should I roam I 
Oh ! am I not happy, most happy at home ? 

The little ones, weary of books and of play, 
Nestle down on our bosoms — our Ellen and May I 
And softly the simple, affectionate prayer, 
Ascends in the gladness of innocence there ; 
And now, ere they leave us, sweet kisses and light, 
They lavish, repeating their merry "good night !" 
While I, with my needle, my book, or my pen, 
Or in converse with him, am contented again, 
And cry, — "Can I ever be tempted to roam 
While blessings like these make me happy at home ?" 

To those with this faculty small, think over the above 
lines and try to improve this faculty. 



THE MIRROR. 25 

ADHESIVENESS. 

Moral Use — Friendship, Love of Good Society, Abuse 
— Attachment to Worthless Persons, 

This faculty is located about 3-4 of an inch above 
philoprogenitiveness, at each side of the back part of the 
head. When it measures 4 1-2 inches with callipers it 
is extra large ; love friends with the utmost tenderness. 
4. inches, large, warm, cordial and ardent as a friend. 
3 1-2 inches, large, capable of warm and distinct friend- 
ship. 3 inches, rather large, capable of tolerable strong 
friendship. 2 1-2 inches, average, can be friendly, but 
not eminently so. 2 inches, full, easily offended with 
friends; seldom retain them long. 1 1-2, moderate, 
take little delight in company ; would rather be alone. 
I inch, small, care very little for friends. 3-4 of an 
inch, very small, incapacity for friendship. 

Many mistakes have been made in forming friend- 
ships, which never would be the case if phrenology was 
understood. The selfish have too frequently deceived 
the honest and confiding. There are numbers of very 
honest persons who have this faculty small. Such ought 
to cultivate friendship by associating with the very best 
characters. Pay attention to the following : Better be 
alone than in bad company. Praise thy friend and not 
thyself. Ifthougivest thyself to be the companion of 
vice, in the end thoul't be the slave of it. Never make 
thyself a friend of the politician or artful man; they 
will only work for themselves. Never make enemies, 
if thou cans't help it ; one enemy may do thee more 



26 THE MIRROR. 

harm than ten friends can do thee good. Speak not 
spitefully against him that doth not befriend thee; he 
may change and become your friend ; then thou would'st 
repent of it. If thou invitest any one to thy house, 
shew thyself sweet and kind, and with a clear face ; it is 
a sin against hospitality to open thy doors and shut thy 
countenance. Be not remarkably close and reserved in 
company, especially if thou usest not to be so in all 
company ; it's hateful, for it implies thou either de- 
spisest or suspecteth them, or hast some design upon 
them, &c. Frequent not the company of ill men ; it 
will bring thee acquainted with vice ; it will make thee 
behold it without any emotion ; by degrees thou will act 
it ; in time thou will get an habit of it ; and that habit 
at last will be converted into a necessity. 

Dr. Gall, speaking upon this feeling, says f * that wo- 
men arc generally more devoted to their friends than 
men, and display great activity in serving them. Who- 
ever gains the affections of woman is sure to succeed in 
any enterprise wherein she assists him. Men draw back 
much sooner in such cases. A woman spares no effort 
to serve her friend. When it is a question of serving 
her brother, father, &c, she penetrates into prisons, she 
throws herself at the feet of her sovereign. Happy, I 
repeat, is he who has a woman for his friend." 

Ruth had this faculty very strong. She exclaimed : 
«• Intreat me not to leave thee, or to return from fol- 
lowing after thee, for whither thou goest I w T ill go, and 
where thou lodgest I will lodge ; thy people will be my 
people, and thy God will be my God ; where thou 



THE MIRROR. 2J 

diest I will die, and there I will be buried ; the Lord do 
so to me, and more, also, if ought but death part thee 
and me !" 



MARRIAGE. 

Moral Use — Attachment to Our Conjugal Partners 
for Life — Abuse — Jealousy and Envy To- 
zoards Rivals. 

It is located between the mastiod bone, at the back of 
the ears, and the. occipital bone, which is under philo- 
progenitiveness, The marriage faculties are at each side 
of the head, between the above bones. When extra 
large it will measure 2 inches in diameter, and, project- 
ing out 1-2 an inch in the centre, beveled off, will idol- 
ize the one loved. Very large, 1 3-4 diameter, stand- 
ing out 3-8 of an inch, will concentrate the affections on 
one only. Large, 1 1-2 diameter, 1-4 of an inch stand- 
ing out, will love for life, provided circumstances are 
favorable. Rather large 1 1-4 diameter, standing out 
3-8 of an inch, are somewhat disposed to love one only. 
Average, 1 inch in diameter, standing out 1-8 of an inch, 
may marry, but the feeling will be cool. Full, 3-4 di- 
ameter, standing out 1-16 of an inch, not true as a 
lover. Moderate, 1-2 an inch diameter, 1-16 standing 
out, can form one attachment after another. Small, 3-8 
diameter, 1-32 standing out, seek the promiscuous so- 



28 THE MIRROR. 

ciety and affections of the opposite sex. Very small, 
1-4 diameter, 1-32 standing out ; will transfer the affec- 
tions from one to another. 

To cultivate, cling to your first lore ; do not allow 
new faces to awaken new loves. To restrain, if disap- 
pointed, do not pine and feel sad. Try and appreciate 
the excellencies of others. Never marry without love; 
but then take all possible heed that thou lovest nothing 
but what is really lovely. We cannot be too care- 
ful in selecting partners. Take the case of a man who, 
when requested to fill up the census papers, under the 
column, " Deaf, dumb, or blind," entered opposite his 
own name, <c Not deaf; I wish I was," whilst opposite 
his spouse he had inserted, " Not dumb; I wish she was." 
Under the head of, " Rank, profession, or occupation,'' 
for his wife he wrote, " God help her, for she can do 
nothing." It may be here said that 

" Woman may err — woman may give her mind 
To evil thoughts, and lose her pure estate ; 
But for one woman who affronts her kind 

By wicked passions and remorseless hate, 
A thousand make amends in age and youth, 
By heavenly piety, by sweet sympathy, 
By patient kindness, by enduring truth, 

By love, supremest in adversity. 
There's is the task to succor the distressed, 
To feed the hungry, to console the sad, 
To pour the balm upon the wounded breast, 

And find dear pity, even for the bad. 
Blessings on Woman ! In the darkest day 

Their love shines brightest in the darkest hour 
Their weak hands glow with strength our feuds to stay. 
Blessings upon them !" 



THE MIRROR. 20, 

Young men get married, if you have arrived at the 
right point of life, for it let every consideration give 
way to that of getting married. Don't think of anything 
else. Never think of delaying the matter, for you know 
delays are dangerous. A good wife is the most faithful 
and constant companion you can possibly have by 
your side while performing thqjourney of life. She can 
sweeten your sour moments as well as your tea and cof- 
fee, and, instead of sowing weeds of sorrow in your path, 
she will plant happiness in your bosom. When a wo- 
man loves, she loves with a double-distilled devotedness ; 
and when she hates, it is on the high-pressure principle. 
Her love is deep as the ocean. Young men, get mar- 
ried, by all means. Fordyce says : "When a young 
woman behaves to her parents in a manner particularly 
tender and respectful — I mean from principle as well as 
nature, — there is nothing good and gentle that may not 
be expected from her in whatever condition she is 
placed. Of this I am so thoroughly persuaded, that, 
were I to advise any friend of mine as to the choice of a 
wife, I know not whether my first counsel would not be, 
look out for one distinguished by her attention and 
sweetness to her parents. " If this work be properly 
studied, it will set young men and women right, on the 
selecting of proper partners. Cobbett, who says : "If 
I had remained a bachelor, I could not have done one- 
thousandth part of those labors that I have performed. " 
Speaking on male flirtations, he says : "A young man 
has no right to sport with the feelings of a young wo- 
man, though he stop short of positive promise. Vanity 



30 THE MIRROR. 

is generally the tempter in this case ; a desire to be re- 
garded as being admired by women — a very despicable 
species of vanity, but frequently greatly mischievous, 
notwithstanding, you do not, indeed, actually, in so 
many words, promise to marry, bat the general tenor of 
your language and deportment has that meaning. You 
know that your meaning is so understood, and if you 
have no such meaning — if you be fixed by some previous 
engagement, with a greater liking for another — if you 
know you are here sowing the seeds of disappointment — 
and if you, keeping your previous engagement or greater 
liking a secret, persevere in spite of the admonitions of 
conscience, you are guilty of deliberate deception, in- 
justice, and cruelty ; you make to God an ungrateful re- 
turn for those endowments which have enabled you to 
achieve this inglorious and unmanly triumph. And if, 
as is frequently the case, you glory in such triumph, you 
may have person, riches, talent, to excite envy, but 
every just and humane man will abhor you." Men 
who will so deceive woman, have thick necks, marriage 
faculties small, and small conscientiousness. Read these 
faculties over until you understand them for your own 
protection. To those who are married, and are not 
happy, it would be well if they would try to love each 
other more, for where love exists in a household, there 
happiness must also exist, even though it has poverty 
for its close companion ; where love exists not, even 
though it be in a palace, happiness never can come. 
Let those who are miserable, search their minds for the 
cause. A few kind words, a little forbearance, or a kiss, 
will often open the way to a flood of sunshine in a house 



THE MIRROR. 3 I 

darkened by the clouds cf discord and unamiability. 
Try the recipe. Bachelors, those who have been dis- 
appointed in love, deserve our sympathies. It is a great 
misfortune, that some of our best men and women have 
been deceived, who are now on the list of maids and 
bachelors. Tom Hood draws a very sad picture of a 
bachelor, he says : 

What a pitiful thing an old bachelor is, 

With his cheerless house and his rueful phiz ! 

On a bir.(er cold night when the fierce winds blow, 

And when all the earth is covered with snow ! 

When his fire is out, and shivering dread, 

He slips 'neath the sheets of his lonely bed ; 

How he draws up his toes, 

All encased in yarn hose, 

And he buries his nose, 

'Neath the chilly bed clothes, 

That his nose and his toes, 

Still encased in yarn hose, 

May not chance to get froze ! 

Then he puffs and he blows, and says that he knows, 

No mortal on earth ever suffered such woes, 

And with "Ah's !'' and with "Oh's !" 

With his limbs to dispose, 

So that neither his toes nor his nose may be froze, 

To his slumber, in silence, the bachelor goes ; 

In the morn, when the cock crows, and the sun is j ;s' rose, 

From beneath the bed clothes, 

Pops the bachelor's nose ; 

And you may suppose, when he hears how the wind blows, 

Sees the windows all froze, 

Why, back 'neath the clothes, pops the poor fellow's nose, 

For full well he knows, if from that bed he rose, 

To put on his clothes, that he'd surely be froze. 



3 2 THE MIRROR. 

Out of a given number of married men and bachelors, 
we have the following figures which speak for them- 
selves : At the age of 40, we have 78 married men and 
only 41 bachelors; at the age of 60, there are 98 mar- 
ried men and only 22 bachelors ; at the age of 70, we 
have 27 married men and 1 1 bachelors ; at the age of 90, 
we have 9 married men and only 3 bachelors. Ladies 
married from the age of 30 to 35, 9 out of one thousand 
die, and 11 of the unmarried ; married ladies, at the age 
of 55, only show 15 deaths out of 1,000, and old maids 
25. These figures speak well for married life from 
20 years of age upwards. Girls unmarried, from the age 
of 1 5 to 20, die at the rate of 8 per 1 ,000 ; girls married 
from 15 to 20 years cf age, 12 die out of 1,000. 
Where there are 100 criminals among single men, there 
are only fifty among married men. True love well 
matched is a great blessing. The following lines of 
Charles Mackey, are worthy cf a place here : 

I love my love in the days of Spring, 
And for her sake each livinjg thing ; 
We gather garlands by the way, 
We pluck the blooms of the merry May; 
We roam the woods, we trace the streams, 
Our waking thoughts are bright as dreams ; 
No bee on the blossom, no lark in the sky, 
Is happier than my love and I ! 

I'll love my love in Summer time, 
Our years shall ripen to their prime ; 
We'll sit in the shade a little more, 
Beneath the elm trees at the door ; 
We'll watch with joy the children run, 
We'll jjive the world our benison ; 



THE MIRROR. 33 

No bird in its nest on the tree tops high, 
Shall be so blithe as my love and I ! 

I love my love, in the Autumn eves, 
We'll gather in our barley sheaves ; 
We'll reap our corn, we'll press our vine, 
We'll hear on the hills our lowing kine ; 
We'll pluck our peaches from the wall, 
We'll give our friends a festival ; 
There is no joy the world can buy, 
That we shall not share ; — my love and I ! 

I'll love my love in the Winter cold, 

So shall our tale of life be told ; 

We'll sit together by the hearth, 

Spectators of a younger mirth ; 

And as the children come and go, 

We'll dwell in the light, where their faces glow ; 

We'll live in love, — and loving, die. 

And still love on ; — my love and I ! 

When these marriage faculties are large in the head of 
any person, they will sacrifice life, health, and wealth, 
for the pne loved. If a young lady be thus organized, she 
might give her affections to a man with a large animal 
brain, small moral brain, large amativeness, and small 
marriage faculties. Take the case of one young man 
who was married to a very fine young lady. He read 
in a newspaper an advertisement, which read thus : 
Matrimony made easy ; or, how to win a lover ; plain 
directions given to enable ladies and gentlemen to win 
the devoted affections of as many of the opposite sex as 
their hearts may desire, &c. This young married man 
wrote for advice, how he could gain the love of a young 



34 THE MIRROR. 

lady. The letter was sent to the returned letter office ; it 
arrived when the husband was absent ; the wife opened it 
and read : " F. I. S., who has seen the advertisement 
"will be glad to receive advice as to the best mode of 
winning the affections of a young lady, to whom he i 
devotedly attached." Drop, little curtain! Drop on 
the horrors of that appalling scene, that transpired when 
F. I. S. returned home. This is the effect of marrying 
one with mere amativeness than marriage. 



COMBATIVENESS 

Defensive and aggressive group. They give power 
of mind to overcome danger. 

Is situated behind the ears, about one inch back 
from the top part of the Mastoid bones, at each side 
of the head. Moral use: To oppose aggression, 
moral courage to defend the right. Abuse : Anger, 
fault-finding, ill nature, &c. When extra large, this part 
of the head will measure, with callipers, 6 inches; 
prone to dispute and oppose, loves contention, pugna- 
cious. When the head is flat, above cautiou, the person 
will show brute force, ill nature, fault finding, anger, &c. 
Very large, 5 and 3-4 inches, will dispute and oppose 
to the bitter end ; 5 and 1-2 is large ; will be bold, fear- 
less, resolute, and determined ; not much ear. Rather 
large, 5 inches, will not court opposition, but will not 
shrink from it. Average, 4 and 3-4 inches, may defend 
self when driven to it, but not till then. Full, 4 and 1-2 



THE MIRROR. 



35 



inches, will be too easily overcome by opposition., avoids 
contention, &c. Moderate, 4 and 1-4 inches, will not 
be able to accomplish much, ought to try and be more 
courageous. Small, 4 inches, will never feel self-reliant 
or strong to overcome danger. Very small, 3 and 3-4 
inches, cowardly, never can overcome any danger. 
When this faculty is very large, with a large moral brain, 
it will contend for the right and oppose the wrong. 
To restrain this faculty, turn mildly away from those 
who would excite you to anger. To cultivate, engage 
in debate, take part in public meetings, and in every 
manner strengthen courage. When strong, never exas- 
perate any one when thou cans't possibly avoid it. Espouse 
not quickly the quarrels of relatives and friends. Never 
contradict to vex others; it provokes most persons, and 
profits no one. Avoid law-suits ; they are a fire which 
men have much ado to extinguish when once kin- 
dled. If small, pluck up courage, and follow the bent 
of thy own reason ; also, take a little leisure to consider 
what frightens thee ; if so, perhaps thou wilt not fear it 
at all, when thou shalt have reflected on it. At least, the 
apprehension thou hast of it, will not be so great. A 
person, weak in this faculty, went to a clergyman, and 
told him, with great symptoms of consternation, that he 
had seen a ghost. " Where did you see it ?" was the 
question. " Why, as I were going, and please your 
reverence, by the Church, right up against the wall, I 
sees the Ghost ! " "In what shape did it appear?" 
" For all the world, like a great donkey. " i( Go home, 
and hold your tongue, for you are a timid creature, and 
have only been frightened by your own shadow." Riche- 



36 THE MIRROR. 

lieu and Napoleon would strike out of the dictionary, the 
words: " Impossible ! " "I don't know!" "1 
can't ! " A great mind said : <c Learn ! " u Do ! '- 
u Try ! " One of Napoleon's favorite maxims was : 
€< The truest wisdom is a resolute determination.*' He 
threw his whole force of body and mind direct upon 
his work. " Impossible," said he, "is a word only to be 
found in the dictionary of fools." When Sir Colin 
Campbell got command of the Indian Army, he was 
asked when he would be ready, his answer was prompt : 
" To-morrow ! " 

Sidney Smith says truly, that ?? A great deal of talent 
is lost in the world for the want of courage. Every 
day sends to their graves a number of obscure men, who 
have only remained in obscurity because their timidity 
has prevented them from making a first effort, and who, 
if they could have been induced to begin, would, in all 
probability, have gone great lengths in the career of 
fame. The fact is, that to do anything in this world 
worth doing, we must not stand back shivering and 
thinking of the cold and danger, but jump in and scram- 
ble through as best we can. It will not do to be per- 
petually calculating risks and adjusting nice chances, &c." 

" He holds no parley with unmanly fears ; 

Where duty bids, he confidently steers ; 

Faces a thousand dangers at her call, 

And, trusting in his God, surmounts them ali.'' — Cozvfrr. 

Courage enables a man to force his way through irk- 
some drudgery and dry details, and carries him onward 
and upward in every station of life. Let parents train 



THE MIRROR 37 

this faculty in their children, when weak ; let them know 
where there is a will there is a way, and whatever is 
given them to do, see that they do it with all their 
might. 

14 l Put your shoulder to the wheel,' 

Upon life's rugged road ; 
The mournful mind that flags behind 

Doth but increase its load. 
'Tis nobler still, with right good will, 

To strive with might and main — 
Put your shoulder to the wheel, 

There's sunshine after rain. 

Put your shoulder to the wheel, — 

Though wrapt in sorrow's shroud ; 
Bright dew-drops fall through night's dark pall, 

There's light behind each cloud ! 
Hope shines afar, a big bright star, 

To cheer us o'er the plain, 
Put your shoulder to the wheel, 

Theie's sunshine after rain. 

Put your shoulder to the wheel, 

Whatever may betide ; 
Though storms arise be sure its wise, 

To view life's sunny side ! 
For where we pine may rest a mine 

Which energy would gain— 
Put your shoulder to the wheel, 

There's sunshine after rain." 



38 THE MIRROR. 

DESTRUCTIVENESS. 

Moral use : To destroy noxious objects. Abuse > 
Wanton cruelty, murder. When this faculty is extra 
large, the animal brain will measure, from the orifice of 
the ear up to caution, 4 and 1-2 inches. Displays wan- 
ton cruelty, rage, and violence. When provoked would 
take away life. .Very large, 4 inches, could remove or 
destroy whatever impedes progression. 3 and 1-2 in- 
ches, large, feels great indignation when excited. 
Rather large, 3 inches, would kill for food if required. 
Average, 2 and 3-4 inches, could kill for food, but 
would rather avoid it ; has some severity, but it requires 
provocation to bring it- out. Full, 2 and 1-2 inches, 
cannot cause pain ; great aversion to kill. Moderate, 
2 and 1-4 inches, evinces but little harshness or severity. 
Small, 2 inches, cannot kill anything. Very small, 1 
and 3-4 inches, very tame ; could not hurt any living 
thing. A knowledge of phrenology would give every 
one the power to command their passions. To restrain, 
avoid strong drink and animal food, and cultivate kind- 
ness, sympathy, love, honesty, humility and justice. 

" Speak gently ! it is better far 

To rule by love than fear ; 
Speak gently — let no harsh words mar 

The good we might do here ! 

Speak gently ! love doth whisper low 

The vows that true hearts bind ; 
And gently friendship's accents flow, — 

Affection's voice is kind. 



THE MIRROR. 39 

Speak gently to the little cLi'd ! 

It's love be sure to gain ; 
Teach it in accents soft and mild, — 

It may not long remain. 

Speak gently to the young, for they 

will have enough to bear ; 
Pass through this life as best they may, 

' Tis full of anxious care ! 

Speak gently to the aged one ! 

Grieve not the care-worn heart ; 
The sands of life are nearly run, 

Let such in peace depart. 

Speak gently, kindly to the poor, — 

Let no harsh tone be heard ; 
They have enough they must endure, 

Without an unkind word. 

Speak gently to the erring — know 

They may have toiled in vain ; 
Perchance unkindness made them so, 

Oh, win them back again ! " 



It will be a great help to l^eep thee from anger, if 
thou thoughtfully and seriously rememberest, that God 
looketh now full upon thee at this very moment. 
Never let passion or malice make thee reveal that which 
love and friendship before bound you to conceal. Have 
a. care of long and obstinate disputes ; it's easier not to 
begin them, than to put an end to them. In company, 
restrain passion ; hearken much, and speak little. Let 
not thy passion drive thee to cruelty, for if so, at that 



4-0 THE MIRROR. 

time, thy mind is hell and the devil is in it. Let no 
scurrilous language fly out of thy mouth. Revile and 
curse no man, though thou beest never so angry. Im- 
precations will set the company against thee, and lay 
thee open to censure, but will not hurt him against 
whom thou utterest them. If, when thou art angry, 
thou could'st but defer revenge or punishment till some 
other fitter time, thou would'st not often repent of it, 
and such wrath would seldom do amiss. Endeavor to 
understand thyself in thyself, and call to mind the excess 
of thy past temper, and to what degree of frenzy that 
fever transported thee, and so thou wilt see the deformity 
of thy passion, and thus conceive a just hatred against it. 
Hood gives this graphic picture of an irritable man : 
"He lies like a hedgehog rolled up the wrong way, tor- 
menting himscif with his own prickles. " 



PRESERVATIVE FACULTIES. 
They give a desire to preserve the body from harm. 



PRESERVATIVENESS. 

Moral use : To avoid talking anything or doing any- 
thing that will injure the body. Abuse : Fretfulness 
and peevishness. It is located above the ears on each 
side of the head. When extra large, it will measure, 
with callipers, 6 and 1-4. inches. Gives great anxiety 
about health and life ; too apt to be peevish. Very large, 



THE MIRROR. 41 

6 inches, very strong feeling to protect the body, anx- 
ious when unwell. Large, 5 and 3-4 inches, will take 
a warm interest in protecting the body from harm. 
Rather large, 5 and 1-2 inches, enjoys life, and will 
cling to it with a good degree of earnestness. Average, 
5 and 1-4 inches, will be inclined to attend to bodily 
wants. Full, 5 inches, disposed to attend to the body, 

• but not particularly so. Moderate, 4 and 3-4 inches, 
little if any regard for the safety of the body or its com- 
forts. Small, 4 and 1-2 inches, great indifference as to 
protecting the body from harm. Very small, 4 and 1-4 
inches, no love for life. If people would control this 
faculty, they would not be so frequently in the hands of 

'the doctors. I would advise every one to study them- 
selves and become their own physicians. I give here a 
few hints on an easy and natural method of curing most 
diseases : " For an ague, go into a cold bath just before 
the cold fit ; nothing tends more to prolong an ague than 
. indulging a lazy, indolent disposition. The patient 
ought to take, between the fits, plenty of exercise ; use a 
light diet and drink lemonade. When all means fail, 
give blue vitriol, from one to two grains in the absence 
of the fit, and repeat it three or four times in the twen- 
ty-four hours; or, take a handful of groundsel, shred it 
small, put it into a paper bag four inches square, prick- 
ing that side which is to be next to the skin full of 
holes, cover this with a thin linen, and wear it on the 
pit of the stomachy renewing it two hours before the fit. 
The daily use of the flesh-brush, and frequent cold bath- 
ing, are of great use to prevent relapses. " Children have 
been frequently cured by wearing a waistcoat, in which 



42 THE MIRROR. 

bark was quilted. St. Anthony's Fire, take a glass 
of tar water, warm, in bed, every hour, washing the 
part with the same. Apoplexy, to prevent, use the 
cold bath and drink only water. In the fit, put a hand- 
ful of salt into a pint of cold water, and pour it down 
the throat of the patient. He will quickly come to 
himself; so will one who seems dead, by a fall, but send 
for a good physician at once. Asthma, take a ,1-2 
pint of tar water, twice a day, or live for two weeks on 
boiled carrots only. It seldom fails. Dry, or Convul- 
sive Asthma, drink a pint of new milk morning and 
evening. This has cured an inveterate Asthma. To 
cure Baldness, wash it with a decoction of boxwood, 
Spitting of blood, take a tea-cupful of stewed prunes, 
at lying down, for two or three nights. Vomiting 
Blood, take two spoonsfuls of nettle juice. Hard 
Breasts, apply turnips roasted till soft, then mashed, 
and mixed with a little oil of roses ; change this twice 
a day, keeping the breast very warm with flannel. For 
a bruise, apply treacle spread on brown paper. Burn ' 
or Scald, plunge the part in cold water, keep the part 
jn to; an hour or more if not well. Cancer in the 
Breast, apply red poppy water, plantain and rose 
water, mixed with honey and roses. Chilblains, ap- 
plv salt and onions pounded together. Cholera Morbus, 
boil a chicken an hour in two gallons 0^ water, and 
drink of this till the vomiting ceases. For a Cold, 
Drink a pint of cold water lying down in bed. Cholic 
in Children, give small doses of magnesia. Habitual 
Cholic, wear a thin soft flannel on the part. Windy 
Cholic, eat freely of parched peas. Consumption, 



THE MIRROR 43 

take no tood but new buttermilk churned in a bottle, 
and white bread. Corns, apply fresh, every morning, 
the yeast of small beer spread on a rag ; or, after paring 
them close, apply bruised ivy-leaves daily, and in fifteen 
days they will drop out. Costiveness, breakfast twice 
a week, or more, on water gruel with currants. Cough, 
make a hole through a lemon and fill it with honey, 
roast it and catch the juice, take a tea-spoonful of this 
frequently. An Inveterate Cough, wash the head in 
cold water every morning, or use the cold bath. Tick- 
ling Cough, drink water whitened with oat meal four 
times a day. Cramp, take 1-2 a pint of tar water morn- 
ing and evening. Deafness, be electrified through the 
ear. Ear-Ache, rub the ear hard for a quarter of an 
hour, or put in a roasted fig, or onion as hot as you can 
bear it. Blindness is often cured by cold bathing or 
by electrifying. . Sore Eyes, drink eye-bright tea and 
wash the eyes with it. Fever, drink a large glass of 
tar water warm every hour. Cure for Chills and Fe\er } 
1-2 an ounce of red bark, 20 grains of salts of worm- 
wood, and 20 grains of snake root, mix together in six 
powders, one to be taken when the chills are coming on, 
and so on till well. Never breathe near the face of a sick 
person, nor swallow your spittle whilst in the room. 
High Fever, plunge into cold water ; this is a safe and 
sure remedy in the beginning of any fever. Worm 
Fever, boil a handful of rue and wormwood in water ; 
foment the belly with the decoction, and apply the 
boiled herbs as a poultice ; repeat the application night 
and morning. This frequently brings away the worms. 
Gout, apply a raw lean beef steak ; change it once in 12 



44 THE MIRROR. 

hours till cured. Gravel, infuse an ounce cf wild pars- 
ley seeds in a pint of white wine for 12 days, drink a 
glass of it, fasting for three months. To prevent its re- 
turn, breakfast for three months on agrimony tea. 
Headache, rub the head for a quarter of an hour or be 
electrified. Violent Headache, take of white wine vin- 
egar and water, each, three spoonsfuls, with 1-2 a spoon- 
ful of Hungary water ; apply this twice a day to the eye- 
lids and temples. Dull Sight, drop in two or three 
drops of the juice of rotten apples often. \ Heart Burn- 
ing, drink a pint of cold water. Hiccup, swallow a 
mouthful of water, stopping the mouth - and ears. 
Hoarseness, rub the soles of the feet, before the fire, 
with garlic and lard well beaten together, over night. 
Jaundice, take a small pill of castile soap every morning, 
for eight or ten days. Bite of a Mad Dog, plunge into 
cold water daily for 20 days, and keep under it as long as 
possible.'" For Nervous Disorders there is no remedy in 
nature comparable to the proper and constant use of the 
electrical machine ; it is good for Palsy and Palpitation 
of the Heart. For Piles, apply warm treacle or a poul- 
tice of boiled brooklime ; it seldom fails. Inward Piles, 
swallow a pitch pill, fasting. Rheumatism, to cure, 
use the cold bath with rubbing and sweating, or rub in 
warm treacle, and apply to the part brown paper 
smeared therewith ; change it in 12 hours. To pre- 
vent Rheumatism, wear washed wool under the feet. 
Scurvy, take 3 spoonsful of nettle juice every morning. 
Small Pox, drink largely of toast and water — let the food 
be milk and water with white bread ; if they strike in, 
and convulsions follow, drink a pint of cold water im- 



THE MIRROR. 45 

mediately ; this instantly stops the convulsions and 
drives out the pock. Sore Mouth, boil together a 
pound of treacle, three yolks of eggs, an ounce of whole 
armoniac, and a quantity of nutmegs and alum, for a 
quarter of an hour, apply this to the sore part as to an 
aching tooth. A Stitch in the Side, apply treacle 
spread on hot toast. To prevent Stone, eat a small 

t crust of bread every morning. Stone, to cure, boil 1-2 
a pound of parsnips in a quart of water ; drink a glass of 
this morning and evening, and use no other drink all 
day ; it will cure in six weeks. To Clean the Teeth, 
rub them w r ith ashes of burnt bread. To Prevent the 
Tooth Ache, wash the mouth with cold water every 

' morning, and rinse them after every meal. To Cure 
Tooth Ache, keep the feet in warm water and rub them 
well with bran just before bed time. It would be well 
for society if they would study sickness in health, and 
old age in youth. Do all thou canst as laid down above, 
and take care of thyself without disturbing anxiety. 
Since we are destined to live forever in one state or 
another, fear not death, which is but as a minute's slum- 
ber, a short trance out of which we shall immediately 
awake, to increase our knowledge and experience of 
those mysteries and secrets of nature, which at present 
are hid from us. I give the above hints so that it may 
save doctors' bills and keep the people out of the hands 
of men who think more of money than the health of 
their patients. " Take the following case : A gentleman 
once fell from his horse and injured his thumb. The 
pain increasing, he sent for a surgeon. One day the 
doctor was unable to visit his patient, therefore sent his 



46 THE MIRROR. 

son instead. " Did you visit the gentleman?" asked 
the father. " Yes," replied the young man, "and I 
have drawn out a thorn, which I ascertained to be the* 1 
chief cause of his agony." " Fool !" exclaimed the fa- 
ther, " I trusted you had more sense ; now there is an 
end to that job." A contrast : A certain eminent phy- 
sician, who flourished at an early era, was supposed by 
his friends to have devoted the last years of his life to 
the composition of a book that should lay bare the secret 
principles upon which he had built up his wonderful 
success. At last he died, and his will provided that this 
important volume should be sold at public auction. 
Distinguished physicians and savans assembled from all 
parts of the realm, and competition promised to be ex- 
cessive. The auction went off amid great excitement, 
and the lucky bidder retired clutching his treasure to his 
bosom. Judge of his amazement when, upon breaking 
the seal with which the volume was guarded, he found 
inscribed upon the initial page, in golden letters, the 
adage : 

" Keep your feet warm, your head cool, live temper- 
ately, avoid all medicine and medical men." 

Cure for Tooth Ache, gum copal, when dissolved in 
chloroform, forms an excellent compound for stuffing 
the holes of decayed teeth. The application is simple 
and easy ; clean out the hole, and moisten a little piece 
of cotton with the solution, introduce this into the de- 
cayed tooth. In every instance the relief has been in- 
stantaneous ; the chloroform removes the pain, and the 
gum copal resists the action of the saliva ; and, as the ap- 
plication is so agreeable, those who labor under this 



THE MIRROR. 47 

dreadful malady would do well to make a trial of it. 
For the Kidneys, Pain in the Back, &c, take one ounce 
of camphor, and one ounce of sulphur, pulverize them 
well ; that is, reducing them to powder. Make a small 
flannel bag, 4 inches long, and 3 inches wide, put the 
sulphur and camphor into it, then close it up, place it on 
the small of the back, fastened with tape. There is not 
1 a thing that can touch this for a certain cure. 



ALIMENTIVENESS. 

Moral use : Wise discrimination in the choice of 
food and drink. Abuse: Gluttony, and epicurianism. 
It is located in front of the ear, at each side of the head. 
When extra large, it will be full and plump, and will 
measure, with callipers, from one side to the other, 6 
inches. Gives great indulgence to the appetite ; eats 
more than is requisite ; apt to give way to gluttony and 
drunkenness. Very large, 5 and 3-4 inches, enjoys good 
living and likes both quantity and quality. Large, 5 
and 1-2 inches, a hearty relish for good food. Rather 
large, 5 and 1-4 inches, a relish for good food and will 
enjoy it. Average, 5 and 1-8 inches, has a good appe- 
tite, but can govern it. Full, 5 inches, eats to live not 
lives to eat. Moderate, 4 and 3-4 inches, eats with very 
little relish. Small, 4 and 1-2 inches poor appetite; 
inability to take any pleasure in the palate. Very small, 
4 and 1-4 inches, hardly knows when to eat, and what. 



48 THE MIRROR. 

The following hints are worthy of notice : Whilst 
thou art eating and drinking, devour not time also. Ac- 
custom thy palate to what is most usual and easiest to be 
got. He that hangs after rarities must often feed dis- 
pleased, and sometimes lie at the mercy of a dear mar- 
ket. Set not thy mind upon corporeal pleasure, for the 
desire of it is full of anxiety, the pursuit of it tormenteth 
with doubt and fear, the satiety of it is repentance, and 
loathing is its certain consequence. Be not perpetually 
longing for, and impatiently desiring anything, so that 
thou canst not abstain from it, or live without it. This 
would be to lose thy liberty and become a slave to meat, 
drink, smoke, or snuff. This faculty, when very large, 
causes many to take the advice of doctors, and pay for it. 
It would be much better if such understood themselves, 
and would take in hand to restrain their appetite. A 
wealthy mannfacturer called upon Dr. Gregory, to get 
some advice about his health. " What is the matter?" 
said the doctor. *' I am not so well in the stomach as 
I'd like." " I suppose you are a glutton and a drun- 
kard ? " " No, no, I am a sober and temperate man, 
and a deacon." " What do you eat for breakfast ? " <( 1 
*ake coffee or tea widi toast, a fresh egg, or a bit of sal- 
mon." " What for lunch ? " " A bit of bread and 
cheese, and a glass of ale." "What for dinner? I 
suppose you take soup first and a glass of porter or 
brandy." " I take a glass with my soup." -"Then 
you have fish or beef, and mutton, with vegetables and 
a glass of ale. " " Yes, I take a glass with 4 my meat." 
" Then you have fowl, and bacon, with something to 
drink." "I like fowl, and bacon, and a glass of some- 



THE MIRROR. 49 

thing with it." M Then you have pudding and wine ? " 
" Yes." " And cheese, and nuts, and a glass or two with 
them? "Yes." " You do not finish your dinner with- 
out whisky punch?" * c My dinner sets better on my 
stomach, with a glass or so." (< You have- tea I sup- 
pose ? " « Yes." " You take supper ? " " Yes, I like 
my supper. I take a bit of cold salmon, or boiled tongue, 
and a glass of something with it." " Can you go to 
bed without a night cap of hot punch ? " t€ I must say 
that I sleep the better with a glass of hot punch." 
" Well," said the doctor, " you are a fine fellow, to 
come here and tell me that you are a temperate man and 
a deacon. With a lie in your mouth, you make out by 
your own statement that you are a glutton, a wine bib- 
ber, a whisky tipler, and a beer swiller, and also a 
drinker of that abominable of all compounds, punch. 
Go home, Sir, and reform yourself, andbeccme temyer- 
ate, and you will have no need of my advice. " 

I would say to all who give way to their appetite, to 
go and do likewise. A whole life is often wasted in 
this expensive frenzy. The only effectual security 
against intemperance in "drink is to fly temptation ; taste 
not, handle not that which leads to intoxication, and 
all will be well. 



5° THE MIRROR. 



ACQUISITIVENESS. 

} 
Moral use : To possess what is useful and necessary. 

Abuse : Covetous and selfish. It is located above 
Alimentiveness, at each side of the head. When 
extra large, it will measure with callipers, 6 and 1-4 
inches. Will be grasping, and have an inordinate desire 
to possess and accumulate. Very large, 6 inches, will 
buy closely and make the most of. everything. Large, 
5 and 3-4 inches, not allow anything to go to waste; 
turn everything to good account. Rather large 5 and 
1-2 inches, desire to acquire property ; can save but not 
graspin c . "Average, 5 and 1-4 inches, hath no particular 
tact for money making. Full 5 inches, cares little for 
saving; will supply all wants. Moderate, 4 and 3-4 
inches, holds money loosely ; spends it often without 
getting value for it. Small, 4 and 1-2 inches, spends 
money very foolishly. Very small, 4 and 1-4 inches, 
neither heeds nor cares about the value of money. Culti- 
vate this faculty by being more careful of time and 
money ; to restrain, be more generous and less selfish. 
Young men with it small, cannot be successful in trade 
where speculation is required. If thou meanest to give, 
say not, "wilt thou have this ? " Buy what thou hast 
no need of; and e'er long, thou shalt sell what thou 
can'st not be without. Be not over covetous; it is but 
a little we need, and it will not be long, before we can 
need nothing. If thou ever shouldest grow hot and 
eager in the^ pursuit of riches, thou wilt do well to con- 
sider how they will appear to thee in a dying hour. 



THE MIRROR Jl 

Make it thy chief design, and thy great business, not to 
be rich and great ; but so to live in this world, as that 
thou mayest believe thou hast God for thy friend. Be 
rather careful of what thou doest than of what thou hast ; 
for what thou hast is none of thine, and will leave thee 
at thy death ; but what thou doest is thine and will fol- 
low thee to thy grave. In selling let not price be 
heightened by the necessity or unskilfulness of the 
buyer : for the first is direct uncharatibleness to the 
person, and is injustice to the thing, because the man's- 
necessity could not naturally enter into the consideration 
of the value of the commodity ; and the other is down- 
right deceit and oppression. To those with this faculty 
small let me say : If thou receivest as a private man, 
and spendest like a prince, thou art like a pool, whose 
waste lets more out than its spring supplies ; which must 
needs be exhausted. Be not so foolishly kind as to 
yield to everybody whatever he pleases to ask ; if thou 
growest easy to all, thou hast lost thy liberty and 
property, for thou can'st not afterwards, when thou hast 
a mind to it, with-hold or deny thy kindness, without 
being thought injurious ; for custom lays a debt on thee. 
Thou shouldst measure thy expenses so as to keep them 
somewhat under thy annual revenue ; otherwise thou 
canst not continue a fair substance. Slip not the mem- 
ory of things past; husband the present time, and 
without any disquiet provide for the future. 

•^There are many thousands who are thrown into the 
workhouse through this faculty being small, who might 
have been saved if trained according to this science. 
Take the case of a pauper, by Tom Hood : 



%2 THE MIRROR. 

-PAUPER'S DRIVE." 

There's a grim, one-horse hearse, in a jolly round trot; 

To the churchyard a pauper is going, 1 wot. 

The road it's rough and the hearse has no springs, 

And hark to the dirge, that the sad driver sings : 
J —Rattle his bones over the stones, 

< He is only a pauper, who nobody owns." 

O ! Where are the mourners? — alas, there are none, 

* He has left not a gap in the world, now lie is gone — 
1 Not a tear in the eye of child, woman or man. 

i To the grave with his carcass as fast as you can ! 

| - Rattle, etc." 

What a jolting and creaking and splashing and dm ; 
, The whip how it cracks, and the wheels how they spin ; 

How the dirt, right and left, o'er the hedge is hurled, 

The pauper at length makes a noise in the world. 
-Rattle, etc." 
i 

Poor pauper defunct, he has made some approach 

* To gentility now that he is stretched in a coach. 

3 iHe is taking a drive in his carriage at last, 

J But it will not be long, if he goes on so fast, 

i -Rattle, etc." 

1 You bumpkins who stare at your brother conveyed, 

Behold what respect to a cloddy is paid, 
i And be joyful to think, when by death you're laid low, 

4 You've a chance to the grave, like a geniman to go. 

" Rattle, etc," 

, But a truce to this strain, for my soul it is sad, 

To think that a heart in humanity clad, 
Should make, like tbe brutes, such a desolate end, 
And depart from the light without leaving a friend. 
Bear softly his bones, over the stones, 

* Though a pauper, he's one whom his maker yet owns. 



THE MIRROR 53 

In New York State there are 97,000 paupers, and 
101,000 occasional ones. In America there are 200,000 
who are pauperized by strong drink. There is no 
danger of such as Daniel Dancer ever becoming a 
. drunkard ; he was worth §360,000 ; he slept in a sack to 
save bed clothes, and never allowed himself the luxury 
of a fire in the coldest of weather. 

The Duke of Marlborough was worth #250,000 a 
year ; he could be seen at the head of his army darning 
his stockings, to save expense. He would walk from 
the theater on a wet night, to save sixpence. These had 
selfishness very ctrong The Duke of Cumberland had 
it small.. He went one day to his sister, (Princess 
Amelia) for money. She took him to task about his 
dissipated conduct, and said she never would be instru- 
mental to it. He assured her that the money he 
solicited he wanted, to complete an improvement in 
Windsor Park, where it was well laid out, in employing 
the poor. To convince her of the truth of this 
statement, he proposed to take her down to inspect the 
work. At that time he had nearly five hundred men 
engaged digging a canal. He drove his sister round the 
Park in a one-horse chaise, and so contrived it with the 
manager, that as they passed from one place to another > 
the same set of men were removed to another spot, and 
engaged in planting trees ; at another place, they were 
grubbing hedges. (< Well brother,'' said his sister, " I 
had no conception of this ; you must employ, at least 
nearly two thousand men." "True," said the noble Duke, 
" and if I were to take you to the other side of the Park, 
I could show as many more." (< It is not necessary ; I 



54 THE MIRROR. 

am satisfied that your money is better spent than I had 
apprehended," and paid him over the #60,000 he 
wanted. When this faculty is small in children, they 
ought to be trained to habits of prudence and economy 
under the guidance of the moral feelings. When it is 
extra large, it ought to be restrained, so as to do away 
with the grasping, hoarding misers, and the low, cunning 
tricksters, that the world is cursed with. Take this case 
that appeared in the papers the other day, and it will 
give you some idea what selfishness can do, if not checked 
in youth : 

THE MEANEST WRETCH IN WILLIAMSBURGH. 

During the terrific rain storm yesterday forenoon, 
August Trimbeck, aged 20, drove his father and mother 
from their home in Graham avenue, near Marshall street, 
Williamsburgh. Sergeant Adams found the aged couple 
making their way through the drenching rain to the 
police station. He returned with them to their house. 
The son met them in the hallway, and on seeing his 
parents he became frantic, and threatened to murder 
them if they dared to enter the house. He gave as a 
reason for his action that his parents had expended a 
dollar of his money over his week's board. The dollar 
had been spent for luxuries for their son and some of his 
friends whom he had invited to dine with him 



CONSTRUCTIVENESS. 

Moral Use : To build and construct that which is 
useful for the good of society. This faculty is located 
before acquisitiveness, and behind and above the outer 



the mirror; 55 

angle of the eye. When extra large, it will measure, 
with callipers^ 5 and 7-8 inches, extraordinary talent for 
mechanical purposes. Very Large, 5 and 5-8 inches, 
will show great mechanical skill. Large, 5 and 1-4 
inches, possesses very fair ingenuity. Average, 5 inches, 
with practice can use the hands vtry well. Full, 4 and 
and 3-4 inches, can use the hands, but not anything 
remarkable. Moderate, 4 and 1-2 inches, very little 
handicraft ingenuity. Small, 4 and 1-4 inches, will 
be awkward and bungling in the use of tools. Very 
Small, no handicraft skill whatever. Engravers, cabinet 
makers, Tailors, Dressmakeers, &c, require this faculty 
large, to be successful. All talented engineers and 
mechanics have this faculty very large, with a strong 
perceptive brain. If talent were rightly directed, it 
would do much for the moral and social improvement 
of society. Thousands drink and become drunkards 
because they cannot compete with others. 



RESTRAINING FACULTIES. 

These restrain and give prudence. 

SECRETIVENESS. 

Moral Use . To conceal actions and thoughts with 
prudence. Abuse : Hypocrisy, lying and deceit. It 
is located about 1 and 1-2 inches above the ear, at each 



56 THE MIRROR. 

side of the head. When extra large, it will measure,. 
with the callipers, 6 and 1-4 inches, will be cunning, 
artful, and sly. Very large, 6 inches, a great love to 
conceal tendency to cunning. Large, 5 and 3-4 inches, 
seldom will disclose plans — reserved. Rather Large, 5 
and 1-2 inches, can be reserved. Average, 5 and 1-4 
inches, frank; dislikes underhand measures, but can 
keep secrets. Full, 5 inches, very frank. Moderate, 4 
and 3-4 inches, disdains concealment. Small, 4 and 1-2 
inches, gives vent to all thoughts and feelings. Very 
Small, 4 and 1-4 inches, cannot conceal anything. 
When this faculty is very large, and the moral brain 
small, the person will be cunning, deceitful, sly, artful, 
lying, two-faced, double-dealing, hypocritical, &<* ; will 
get things under false pretences, and will swindle all they 
have dealings with. If such heads were understood, 
people would not be robbed as they are. To cultivate, 
be sincere, frank, candid, and honest. To restrain, be 
more reserved and discreet. The following hints will 
be useful to those with the faculty small, and to those 
having it very large. If thou wouldst keep safe, speak ill 
of none. Trust not those who seem saints. Let not 
thy wisdom run into base craft. Learn to hold thy 
tongue ; five words cost Zacharias forty weeks silence. 
Mistrust no man without cause, nor be credulous 
without proof. Nothing but truth before the face; 
nothing but good behind the back. Take no part with 
scandalizers ; thou knowest not thy turn among them. 
Say not all thou knowest, nor censure all thou seest, if 
thou wouldst live in peace. Speak no more to a 
stranger than thou wouldst have publicly known. 



THE MIRROR. 57 

When thou nearest any defamed, do it with an averse 
ear, and leave the relator to himself. 

When thou tellest cue that is not a tried friend 
anything, think he is thy enemy, or may be so. Praise 
no man before his face, nor censure him too severely 
behind his back ; the one savours of flattery, the other of 
malice, and both are reprehensible. Speak not ill of any ; 
if thou doest it in his absence, it's the property of a base 
coward to stab a man behind his back. ^Look upon tale 
bearers and whisperers as direct enemies to civil society ; 
as persons without honor, honesty or humanity, that 
ought to be expelled all company. s Never listen at doors 
or windows ; never ask what a man carries covered ; it is 
invading thy neighbor's privacy and laying that open 
which he closed; what authority hast thou to draw open 
his curtains? Place not thy amendment only in increas- 
ing thy devotion, but in bettering thy life ; this is the 
damning hypocrisy of th s age, that it slights all good 
morality, and spends ' it's zeal in matters of ceremony, 
and a form of godliness, without the power of it. In 
thy dealing use openness and freeness ; such behavior 
will make others free to you. Get the opinion of 
secresy, for then like a sound and close vessel men will 
pour themselves into thee. Get the report of upright 
dealing, and men will negotiate more sincerely and 
plainly with thee; do not affect the crooked going of the 
serpent. 

Of all good qualities, from the beginning accustom the 
child to speak the very precise truth ; and when it hath 
committed any fault, do not affright it into lying and 
silly excuses which are commonly taught them, but by 



58 THE MIRROR. 

mildness and security from chiding, At first beget in it: 
the courage of confessing its faults ; great actions of 
honor and justice depend upon veracity. By no means 
come into the way of the men of the world, that think 
themselves cunning and are eternally counterfeiting and 
dissembling, for the advantage thou wilt get by it will 
be, never to be believed when thou seriously speaketh 
the truth ; it is true this may once or twice pass upon, 
men, but to profess concealing of thy thoughts will be 
to give warning to all who have anything to do with thee,, 
that whatsoever thou sayest is all but lying and deceit;, 
and by how much thou art more subtle and cunning, by 
so much thou art suspected and hated ; and then when 
it is come to that pass that the opinion of thy integrity is 
ruined, lost and gone, thou wilt everywhere have a hard, 
game to play. Some are wont to defame their neighbors 
without any ceremony or remorse ; from such turn away, 
be sure to be none of them, nor partake in their calum- 
niations; consider what thou may say of others, others 
may say of thee. Ever take heed of doing that which 
may do hurt, but can never do good. It is madness to 
make enemies without cause ; it's better to suppress, than 
vent and satisfy a trifling piece of wit or foolish passion. 



CAUTIOUSNESS. 

Moral use: Circumspection in general. Abuse: 
Timidity and indecision. It is located above secretive- 
ness and below conscientiousness. When extra large, 6 
and 1-8 inches, apt to hesitate too much and surfer from 



THE MIRROR. 



59 



■groundless fears. Very Large, 5 and 7-8 inches, very 

circumspect ; always on the watch to make everything 

safe. Large, 5 and 3-4 inches, always on the look out 

to make things safe. Rather Large, 5 and 1-2 inches, 

circumspect; disposed to look before leaping. Average, 

5 and 1-4 inches, has circumspection, but would do with 

more. Full, 5 inches, apt to do and say things at times 

without due deliberation. Moderate, 4 and 3-4 inches, 

want of circumspection in general. Small, 4 and 1-2 

inches, imprudent, rash and reckless. Very Small, 4 

and 1-4 inches, very reckless and rash, and destitute of 

fear. When small, people endanger the lives of others 

as well as their own. For the safety of society men of 

prudence ought to be selected, on land and sea, who have 

in their care the lives of others. 

If people would only but understand themselves they 

would save themselves from much trouble and anxiety. 

'Take the case of a young lady, given by Tom Hood : 

So far in the river, 
With many a light 
From window and casement, 
She stood with amazement, 



One more unfortunate, 

Weary of breath, 
F.ashly importunate, 

Gone to her death. 
Take her up tenderly, 

Lift her with care, 
Fashioned so slenderly, 

Young and so fair. 

Touch her not scornfully, 
Think of her mournfully, 

Gently and humanly ; 
Not of the stains of her, 

All that remains of her 
Now is pure womanly. 

Loop up her tresses. 

Escaped from the comb, 

Whilst wonderment guesses, 
Where was her home. 

Where the lamps quiver, 



Houseless by night. 

Mad from life's history, 
Glad to death's mystery 

Swift to be hurl'd, 
Anywhere, anywhere 

Out of the world. 
In she plunged boldly, 
No matter how coldly 

The rough river ran; 
Over the brink of it, 
Picture it, think of it, 

Dissolute man. 
Take her up tenderly, 

Lift her with care, 
Fashioned so tenderly, 

Young and so fair. 



60 THE MIRROR. 

This is only one of thousands of young ladies who, 
by their imprudence, throw themselves into the hands 
of men without morals. I hope and trust this work will 
make ladies more cautious who they give their affections 
to. It will be well to keep the story of the fox in mind 
that went to the well for a drink. His feet slipped and 
he fell into the water. It was not long before a thirsty 
goat looked in, and seeing the fox at the bottom, asked 
him if the water was good. O yes, said the fox, it is 
beautiful, and there is plenty of it. In jumped the goat, 
and in a moment the fox leaped on his back, and thence 
out of the well. Aha, my friend, said the fox, as he 
stood in safety, if your brains had been equal to your 
beard, you would look before you leap; and the cunning 
fox ran away and left the poor goat in the well. Moral : 
Before you follow the advice of low, base, cunning peo- 
ple, think well of the consequence. It would be well 
sometimes to stop a little and ask ourselves what we are 
about r* Whither we are going ? and where all will end 
at last ? In all things have an eye to safety. If at any 
time thou shalt be overmuch pressed to do anything 
hastily, be careful.. Fraud and deceit are always in haste; 
diffidence is the right eye of prudence. To those who 
have very large caution it would be well if they would 
take a little leisure to consider what frightens them; 
perhaps they would not fear it if they would but reflect 
on it. Persons with small caution ought frequently call 
themselves to account, and observe all those defects 
(which other men are never sensible of.) Thou wilt 
attain an habitual caution and watchfulness which will 
greatly improve you. In matters ot concern, do not 



THE MIRROR. 6l 

begin to speak until thou hast some sort of sketch in thy 
mind what to say, and a reason why thou speakest. 
Words are like arrows that ought not to be shot without 
aim. Promise nothing of importance without delibera- 
tion, and except thou hast a mind to perform it. 



DIGNITATIVE FACULTIES. 

These produce character and promote ambition. 



LOVE OF APPROBATION. 

Moral use : — Desire to please others by doing what is 
right. Abuse : — Vain ambition, pomposity and affecta- 
tion. It is located above Adhesiveness, at each side of 
Self-esteem, and at the back of Caution. When extra 
large, it will measure with the callipers from one side to 
the other 5 and 3-4 inches ; will be ostentatious, am- 
bitious and vain. Very large, 5 and 1-2, affable and 
ambitious^ fond of display. Large, 5 and 1-4, keenly 
alive to public opinion, fond of show. Rather large, 5 
inches, will like to make a fair show in society. Aver- 
age, 4 and 3-4, enjoys the approbation of others, but 
will not sacrifice much to attain it. Full, 4 and 1-2, feels 
some little regard forjDopularity. Moderate, 4 and 1-4, 
has some desire to please, but very careless about it. 
Small, 4 inches, insensible to praise or blame. Very 
small, 3 and 1-2 inches, cares little for personal appear- 
ance ; disregards the favor or censure of any one. 



62 THE MIRROR. 

To cultivate : Think more of your character and 
personal appearance. To restrain : Be less vain and 
ambitious, do not give way to extravagant habits, nor 
live beyond your means. Many have been ruined and 
degraded by giving way to this faculty. The following 
hints will be useful. Do not plunge yourself into debt. 
It is a sad thing to be always struggling with necessity. 
What can be more miserable than to lie at the mercy of 
misers and men of law r Assure thyself that to be in 
debt is the very worst of poverty, and will haunt and 
torture you like an evil spirit night and day. Endeavor 
more to know thyself than to be known by others. Envy 
not those who know more than thyself, but pity those 
who know less. Be not covetous ; the pleasures of this 
world consist in having necessaries and not superfluities. 
Be not so bashful and facile as to grant whatever is desired 
of thee, for that will make all thy life uneasy. If thou 
forbearest an action for fear of censure thou wilt often 
find it hard to be honest. Shut thy ears equally against 
flatterers who excessively commend thee, and detractors 
who basely revile others. Consider not so much what 
thou hast as what others want. What thou hast take 
care you lose not. What you have not take care you 
covet not. Endeavor not to make mighty appearances, 
and seem better, greater or wiser than you really are, lest 
thou be examined and stripped, and rendered less than 
you should be. Affect and desire nothing so passionately 
that you must be miserable without it, but forethink 
what may come hereafter, and spare fortune thy thanks 
and curses. Endeavor with all thy power to get a manly 
confidence, for a sheepish, bashfulness, when one knows 



THE MIRROR. 63 

not how to look, speak or move, for fear of doing amiss, 
and always blushing, and not able to support an harsh 
word or stern look, will render you liable to ridicule, 
contempt and insult. Walk virtuously and inoffensively, 
and you need not care what people may say about you. 
Sometimes cast thine eye upon those that have more than 
their share ; you may see that they are so far from content 
as those who have nothing at all, from whence you are to 
conclude that it is not to be found in all the world but in 
yourself, and there you may find it without the abundance 
they enjoy. People with this faculty large pay their 
tailors better than their tutors; they are more careful 
about their dress than their education. It is said that 
no man is esteemed for gay garments but by fools. Dr. 
Gall says this faculty gives rise to a thousand artificial 
wants, augments the comforts of life, and gives support 
to the industrious. It is to it, in a great degree, that we 
are indebted for the flourishing condition of the arts and 
sciences. A large faculty of Love of Approbation gives 
origin to the ambition of a Bonaparte. 



SELF ESTEEM. 

Moral use : Pride of character, self-respect, &c. 
Abuse : Egotism, arrogance, tyranny, conceit, &c. It is 
located between Concentrativeness and Firmness. Firm- 
ness is right at the top part of the head; back from this 
about 3-4 of an inch you will find Self-esteem. ^ When 



64 THE MIRROR. 

extra large, it will project out full and round. From 
Caution to Self-esteem measures with a rule, when extra 
large, 2 3-4 inches. Will not take advice or endure 
restraint. With strong moral brain, gives dignity and 
greatness of character. Very large, 2 5-8 inches, high- 
.toned, imperious and independent. Large, 2 3-8 inches, 
self-confident, assumes responsibilities ; innate love of 
personal liberty. Rather large, 2 1-8 inches, gives the 
mind a good degree of dignity and self-respect. Average, 
1 7-8 inches, proper feeling of pride, not haughty, fair 
self-respect. Full, 1 3-4 inches, has a little pride and 
dignity, with a small degree of self-respect. Moderate, 
1 5-8 inches, will be too apt to underrate personal 
capabilities and worth. Small, 1 1-2 inches, very low 
in self-respect, would do with very much more inde- 
pendence of character. Very small, 1 1-4 inches, 
servile, low-minded, with no self-respect. Deficient, 
1 inch, idiotic, base and servile. 

To cultivate : Think and act as, a man. To control : 
Be less forward and conceited. To those with this 
faculty very large, pay particular attention to the advice 
of wisdom in the following hints as to controlling this 
faculty. If thou wouldst be cured of thy ignorance, 
confess it. Love most, pity rome, hate none. Do well, 
and boast not. Win honor and wear it well. Insult 
not a man when thou hast got the better of him. Read 
not books only, but man also, and chiefly thyself. Re- 
joice not at the fall of thy enemies, thou knowest not thy 
own end. Mix kindness with authority, and rule rather 
by discretion than by rigor. Wouldst thou not be a fool 
in others conceit, be not wise in thy own. Listen to all 



THE MIRROR. 65 

the world, that thou may'st not be ignorant of any of thy 
own faults. Refuse not counsel, it's neither a diminution 
of thy grandeur nor a sign of incapacity. If thy debtor 
be really insolvent, do not ruin him to get that which 
will not ruin thee to lose. It is a great piece of gallantry 
to confess a mistake and forsake an error. Be not too 
positive in thy predictions of events. If thou wouldst 
appear wiser than others, thy mistakes will cause them 
to scorn thee. 

So long as thou art ignorant oe not ashamed to ask 
questions. Ignorance is a shameful infirmity, and when 
justified is the chiefest of follies. Pretend not to more 
knowledge than thou really hast, but be content to seem 
ignorant where thou art so, lest thou erect a credit which 
thou can'st not support, and so bring thyself to shame. 
Cast the eye of thy imagination, as a stranger, on thy 
outward actions and behavior amongst people, and thou 
mayest find that thy self-love hath covered many things 
which they blame in thee, and which thou oughtest to 
amend. Take heed of the honors that wealth hath 
purchased, for it is neither lasting, nor thy own ; what 
money creates, money preserves; if thy wealth decays, 
thy honor dies ; that is but a slippery happiness which 
fortune can give and can take away. If at any time 
thy thought be lifted up and thou fanciest thyself to 
be something, the earth, which is always present, will 
tell thee whereof thou art made, and whence* thou hadst 
thy origin, and whither thou shalt go ; for dust we 
are and to dust we must return, and upon this humble 
foundation thou mayest build the highest virtue. Take 
no notice of every neglect and small injury, for so thou 



66 4 THE MIRROR, 

discoverest thyself too tender of thy honour ; which 
thing will soon create thee contempt, and make thee 
accounted a touchy, testy fool ; these thoughts are 
troublesome and vexing to their owners, which, like 
briars, catch at every thing that touches them. En- 
deavour to be patient in bearing with the defects and 
infirmities of others, of what sort soever they be ; for 
thou thyself hast many things which must be suffered 
by others, if thou canst not make thyself such an one 
as thou wouldst ; how canst thou expect to have an 
other in all things to thy liking ? We would willingly 
have others perfect, and yet we mend not ourselves. 

If thou wouldst secure to thee observance, thy best 
way is not to insist too violently upon it ; for pride is a 
most unfortunate vice ; a proud man is so far from mak- 
ing himself great by his haughtiness and contemptuous 
part that he is usually punished with neglect for it ; and 
that disdain with which he treats others is returned more 
justly upon himself. Because all men are apt to flatter 
themselves, it is a most perilous thing to entertain the 
addition of other men's praises ; therefore, do not praise 
thyself, except thou hast a mind to be accounted a vain- 
glorious fool ; neither take delight in the. praises other 
men give thee, except thou really deservest them ; and 
then receive them only from such as are themselves 
worthy and honest, and will withal, warn thee of thy 
faults. 

Open not thy mind to avarice unless thou resolvest to 
lead a vexatious and miserable life, when others re- 
joice, if thou hearkenest to that cursed passion, it will 
make thee endure all the inconveniences of poverty in 



THE MIRROR. 6j 

the midst of thy gold and silver, and thou wilt not so 
much live as languish. The condition of a covetous 
person is so unhappy that the greatest mischief thou 
canst wish him is that he should live long. Make not 
thy own person, family, relations, or affairs the frequent • 
subject of thy tattle ; and set not up thy all-wise self as 
a perfect pattern for others to think and act by. Say 
not "In truth, I cannot allow of such a thing ; my 
manner and custom is to do thus, etc." Such heads are 
full of small matters • they are too much in love with 
themselves and disregard others. 

If thou wouldest enjoy the sweets of society thou 
must be friendly, and carry on equality ; but if thou 
pretendest to top the company and assume superiority 
by engrossing all the discourse, forcing on them thy own 
opinions, looking supercilious, and doubting, objecting, 
contradicting, and disliking all that others say, then thou 
makest thyself a party against the rest, and must look for 
usage accordingly; but if thou lookest angry, fall into 
passion, roar, swear, huff, scorn, give ill words, &c, aM 
men of education and civil manners will as willingly 
keep company with a bear as such a beast as thou art. 
I would say to those who have self-esteem small : 
Trust thyself, and another will not betray you. Keep 
good company, and the devil will not dare to make one. 
Only keep company with those who will make thee 
wiser and better. Do not give thyself up to indolence; 
want of care is want of virtue. Come not to conversa- 
tion with fear, for thereby thou accusest thyself of 
weakness, and wilt be disabled, and the company will 
take thee at thy word and not much esteem thee nor 



68 THE MIRROR. 

mind what thou sayest. When thou speakcst, look the 
person right in the face, dejected eyes confess (to 
most judgments ?) guilt, low spirits or folly. Keep 
company with men of reputation for honesty, wisdom, 
virtue, ingenuity ; thou wilt improve thyself by such, 
and wilt be thought to be such thyself. If thou makest 
thyself a companion of those that are any ways scandal- 
ous, their faults will stick upon thee, tho' thou shouldest 
possibly not be guilty of them. 

Dr. Gall says of this faculty, €€ That the proud man 
is penetrated with a sense of his superior merit, and, 
from the height of his grandeur, treats with contempt or 
indifference all other mortals. The vain man attaches 
the most importance to the judgment of others, and 
ardently seeks for their approbation. The proud man 
expects that the world should come and discover his 
merit. ^The vain man strikes at every door to draw 
attention towards him. The proud man despises the 
marks of distinction which constitutes the happiness of 
the vain man. The proud man, even under the most 
imperious demands, never descends from his elevation. 
The vain man humbles himself even to the ground, pro- 
vided by this means he attains his end." 



THE MIRROR. 69 



PERSEVERING FACULTIES. 

This group gives perseverance and continuity of 
mental action. 



CONCENTRATIVENESS. 

Moral use : — Unity of thought and feeling. Abuse : 
— Tedious, prolixity, repetition, &c. It is located above 
Inhabitiveness and below Self-Esteem. When extra 
large it will measure back from Caution 2 3-4 inches ;» 
are very often tedious, cannot leave things unfinished. 
Very large, 2 1-2 inches; remarkable for concentrated 
application to the one thing. Large, 21-4; can give 
the mind to one thing till it is finished. Rather large, 
2 inches ; can attend to one subject. Average, 1 3-4; 
is disposed to attend to one thing, but the mind is too 
easily diverted from it. Full, 1 5-8 ; wants more 
steady unity of mental action. Moderate, 1 3-8 ; com- 
mences many things,, but finishes few. Small, 1 1-8; 
craves novelty, and is flighty brained. Very small ; 
very flighty, incapable of continuity of thought. To 
cultivate, always complete what j ou take in hand, and 
never allow your thoughts to wander. I can shew thee 
a man whom thou must not imitate. He has always an 
hundred things begun, and finisheth not one; so he 
never does anything, though he be everlastingly busy. 
Never squander away thy precious time when thou find- 
est thyself set for study or business. Oh ! that is a 



70' THE MIRROR. 

golden hour ; Jose it not, whatever happens in the way 
to catch it from you. Add not a second evil to that 
which thou already endurest by suffering thyself to be 
overcome with impatience. Impatience does not dimin- 
ish but always augments the evil. Make use of time if 
thou valuest eternity ; yesterday cannot be re-called ; 
to-morrow cannot be assured ; to-day is only thine, 
which, if thou procrastinatest, thou losest, which loss is 
lost forever. Lay down such rules to thyself of observ- 
ing stated hours for study and business as no man shall 
be able to persuade thee to recede from ; for when thy 
resolutions are once known, as no man of ingenuity will 
disturb thee, so thou'lt find this method will become not 
only practicable, but of singular benefit in abundance of 
things. * In the matter of reading, I would have thee 
fix upon some particular authors and make them thy 
own. If thou art everywhere, thou wilt be nowhere ; 
but, like a man that spends his life in travel, he has 
many hosts, but few friends ; which is the very con- 
dition of him that skips from one book to another. 
The variety does but disturb his head ; and, for want of 
digesting, it turns to corruption instead of nourishment. 
When we see any one properly attentive to his duties, 
persevering through difficulties to gain such knowledge 
as shall be of use to himself and others, we may be 
sure he is getting on in the world. Perseverance is 
often* better than a full purse. There are more helps 
towards getting on than is commonly supposed. Many 
people lag behind, or miss the way altogether, because 
they do not see the simple and abundant means which 
surround them on all sides ; and so it happens that these 



THE MIRROR. Jl 

means are aids which cannot be bought with money. 
Those who wish to get on in the world must have a 
stock of patience and perseverance. The following 
owe much of their success to perseverance : Ben Frank- 
lin, the great philosopher and statesman, rose from a 
journeyman printer ; A. Lincoln, from a rail-splitter, to 
be President of America ; George Stephenson, from a 
common miner to be the great civil engineer ; Ben John- 
son had been a brick-layer ; Hogg, a shepherd ; Homer, 
a beggar; Captain Cook was a common sailor at the age 
of thirty ; the great giant of literature, Dr. S. Johnson, 
was a bookseller, and thousands of others in America 
and Europe have made tteir mark by perseverance. 

DO NOT DREAM AWAY YOUR TIME. 

A maiden slept in a rosy bower, 

Fragrant with rich perfume, 
And dreamt away full many an hour 

Till the sun had set in gloom ; 
And when she awoke she found the day 
Had, like her dreaming, passed away. 

'Tis thus with us, we dream away 

Golden hours of early life ! 
Wasting the sunshine of our day ; 

At eve beginning our toil and strife. 
But what avails our work at last 
When the manhood of our lives is past ? 

Oh! rather let us, while 'tis day, 

Be up and ready for the strife ; 
For soon our day will pass away, 

And, with it, all the dreams of life; 
Then wake, ye dreamers, dream no more, 
For youth and dreaming soon are o'er. 



JZ THE MIRROR. 



FIRMNESS. 



Moral use : — Stability of character in all that is right. 
Abuse: — Obstinacy and stubbornness. It is located at 
the top part of the head, in a line above Caution. 
When extra large, this part of the head will measure 
2 3-4 from Caution up to the top of the head, and 
stand above Benevolence, about 2 inches, will be obsti- 
nate, stubborn, and show great tenacity of will. Very 
large, 2 5-8 inches ; has great fixedness of purpose, 
often stubborn. Large, 2 1*2; will display great 
stability of character. Rather large 2 1-4; has fair 
firmness of purpose. Average, 2 inches ; has stability 
for ordinary occasions, but would do with more steady 
firmness. Full, 1 3-4; shows irresolution, fickleness 
and indecision. Moderate, 1 1-2 ; changes too easily, 
and will fail to effect much. Small, 1 1-4; lacks 
stability not to be relied upon. Very small, 1 inch ; no 
stability of character ; extremely fickle-minded. To 
cultivate, be firm in all things that are right. To con- 
trol, take advice, be not so stubborn. 

Think how many times thou hast been mistaken in 
thy own judgment, and learn by that experience not to 
be positive and obstinate. If this faculty is small, 
always remember that thou art but a man ; that human 
nature is frail, and that thou mayes< easily fall, and then 
thou shalt seldom fall. But, if happening to forget 
what thou art, thou chancest to fall, be not discouraged; 
remember thou mayest rise again< Look upon vicious 



THE MIRROR. 73 

companions as so many engines planted against thee by 
the devil, and accordingly fly from them as thou wouldest 
from the mouth of a cannon. Make no acquaintance 
with those whom nothing will satisfy, but that thou go 
to hell with them for company. One case of strong 
firmness was brought to our notice a short time ago. It 
was in a church. When the minister announced the 
hymn, the leader of the choir and clerk of the church, 
to the surprise of the congregation, exclaimed, " 'Tis 
the 'under and thirteenth hymn!" " No, it is not," 
said the clergyman, and again he announced the right 
number and requested the clerk to play it. ( '* I tell 'ee 
'tis the 'underd and thirteenth !" To prevent this un- 
seemly harrangue, the clergyman descended from the 
pulpit, walked to the harmonium, placed the hymn 
before the clerk (who had been watching his operations 
with contracted eyebrows) and said, " Play that, if you 
please. " The stubborn functionary looked at it, and 
seeing it was not his " 'underd and thirteenth," said, 
t€ This aint the right hymn, I tell 'ee !" " Never 
mind ; you play it." " I shan't ; you play 'em your- 
self," said the crusty clerk, and he walked from the 
place. The congregation was dismissed, and the clerk 
was sent for. <( Do you know you have acted very im- 
properly to-night r" said the clergyman to him, " and if 
you do not make a public apology before the congrega- 
tion next Sunday, I shall request you to vacate your 
office." "What, zur ! make a public apology? Do 
you know I be a married man ? Do you know I be an 
'underd poun' man ?" He refused to apologize, and so 
he lost his office, ^SfeL-_ll 



74 THE MIRROR. 

MORAL FACULTIES. 

These induce obedience to the moral laws. 

BENEVOLENCE. 

Moral use: — Desire for the happiness of all. Abuse: 
— Misplaced sympathies. It is located at the top part ' 
of the head, in the front, above Comparison. When 
extra large it will measure, from Comparison up to Ben- 
evolence, 2 3-4 inches ; will sacrifice self for the sake 
of others. Very large, 2 5-8 inches. Delighted to do 
good, and will make sacrifices so as others may be happy. 
Large, 21-2; great kindness; lively sympathy for those, 
in distress. Rather large, 21-4; kind and willing to 
serve others. Average, 2 inches ; not much active ben- 
evolence, but will do good. Full, 1 3-4 ; may now and 
again do good, but not often. Moderate, 1 1-2; very 
little kindness or sympathy. Small, 1 1-4; not much 
kindness for any one. Very small, 1 inch ; destitute of 
kindness. 

To cultivate, be less selfish and more generous. 
Assist the afflicted. As for your tears, they are only 
drops of water ; what good can they do ? Do injury to 
no man. Do all the good thou canst while thou art in 
favor with fortune ; and thou wilt find the effects of it 
in time of adversity. If thy friend be in want, don't 
carry him to the tavern, where thou treatest thyself as 
much as him, and entailest thirst and headache upon 
him the next morning j to treat a poor wretch with a 
bottle of Burgundy or fill his snuff-box is like giving a 
fine pair of laced ruffles to a man that wants a shirt to 



THE MIRROR. 75 

his back ; if thou meanest anything, put something into 
his pocket. Be charitable ,• it is certainly a most gener- 
ous and enlivening pleasure which results from a season- 
able liberality. When thou seest a man struggling under 
a pressure, if thou then relievest him, the human nature' 
within thee, which is common to you both, does, by 
a kind of sympathetic motion, exult and raise up itself. 
To be charitable in thy life-time is much more com- 
mendable than to be so at thy death ; for death-bed 
charity is something like death-bed repentance. The 
motive commonly to this latter is, that we can now sin 
no longer nor take any delight in those evil courses we 
have hitherto followed ; and the motive to the former is 
commonly (or, however, is construed so) that we can 
keep what we have no longer ; and so we are rather 
liberal of another man's goods than our own. When 
you give to the necessitous, do it without design to get 
the praise of men, and do it in mercy ; that is out of a 
true sense of the calamity of thy brother. Do not 
upbraid the poverty of another or make him mercenary 
and obliged. Think that it is more blessed to give than 
receive. Dr. Gall says, "That man is generally more 
good, kind, and just than he is wicked and unjust. 
People of simple manners — the comfortable peasant, the 
industrious artizan — for example, are very benevolent 
towards the poor. We rarely see among them an 
orphan who fails to meet with the assistance which its 
situation demands. They often treat them as they 
would their own children. Seldom do the poor, who 
knock at their doors, return empty-handed. Their 
direct impulse is always one of kindness towards the 
unfortunate.." 



j6 THE MIRROR. 



CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 

• Moral use : — Honesty and respect for the rights of 
others. Abuse : — Self-condemnation, although the char- 
acter is perfect. It is located above Caution and below 
Firmness, at each side of the head. When extra large, 
the head will measure, from Caution up to the top part 
of the head, 2 3-4 inches, and the head will take the 
form of a half circle from Caution to Caution over 
firmness. Governed by the highest order of moral 
principle, have a respect for the rights of others, a love 
of truth, will be upright, just and trustworthy, Very 
large, 2 5-8 and half circle ; will be scrupulously 
just; will make duty everything. Large, 2 1-2 and 
half circle ; upright and faithful ; cannot tolerate 
wrong. Rather large, 2 3-8 and half circle ; means 
well, with a desire to do what is right. Average, 2 
inches ; apt to yield to temptation, but will feel re- 
morse. Full, 1 3-4 ; too liable to yield to temptation. 
Moderate, 1 1-2; some little regard for duty in feeling, 
but not in practice. Small, 1 1-4; very little regard 
for moral principle. Very small, 1 inch ; very little 
regard for honesty or moral principle. 

To cultivate, be honest and truthful. To control, 
suppress that feeling of guilt which is too apt to take 
possession of you. When testing the strength of this 
faculty, put your hand on the head and feel if it be half 
round ; if it runs up each side flat, the faculty would 
not be so strong. Large size would only be about 
average . 



THE MIRROR. JJ 

It is a fact worthy of the notice of all who are inter- 
ested in the religious, moral, mental and social improve- 
ment of the people, that if persons marry with this 
faculty small their children will lack moral principle. 
Turn back to marriage and read over very carefully 
what is said their about the transmission of qualities, &c. 
Let those with small Conscientiousness do nothing to- 
day that they will repent of to-morrow, and live in the 
world as you mean to leave it. Do well, and neither 
fear man nor devil. No man is without faults, yet en- 
deavor to have none. There will quickly be an end to 
you. Think what will become of you hereafter. Do 
your best ; then you may defy the devil to do his worst. 
Reject every temptation at the first assault, and the con- 
quest will be easy and certain. Pray often because thou 
sinnest often. Repent quickly, because you may die 
suddenly. Permit not thyself to go beyond, or defraud 
thy brother in any matter ; for the Lord is the avenger 
of all such. Perform good and virtuous actions, though 
thou art assured they shall never come to the world's 
eye. If every year you would root out one vicious 
habit, thou might in some time become perfect. Dare 
not to enrich yourself by any dishonest means ; for, in 
so doing, you distrust' providence, and puttest thyself 
out of God's protection. Often think how near thou 
standest to another world, and what an account thou 
must give there. So live now as will be most for thy 
comfort at death. Settle a precedent within your own 
mind by which to judge your actions, and accordingly 
encourage or correct yourself. If thy mind at any time 
stagger and incline to anything that is ill, think upon 



78 THE MIRROR. 

some brave, wise and good man ; suppose him to be 
present and overlooking you ; then do nothing you 
would not be afraid or ashamed to do in his presence. 
Live so as to be noted for speaking and acting with truth 
to the utmost exactness. Never counterfeit (when thou 
wouldest be taken to be in earnest) so much as a look 
posture, gesture, or word ; for, be assured, truth and 
nature will set thee out infinitely better than affectation 
and artifice. These few lines from Shakespeare are very 
good on this question : 

" Resist beginnings. Whatso'er is ill, 

Though it appear light and of little moment, 

Think of it thus — 'That what it is augmented 

Would run to strong and sharp extremities ; ' 

Deem of it, therefore, as a serpent's egg, 

Which, hatched, would, as its kind, grow mischievous; 

Then crush it in its shell." 

Honesty has its reward. A poor boy had given him 
a sovereign, in a mistake, for a shilling. The boy ran 
after the gentleman and told him he had given him a 
sovereign in mistake. The gentleman asked him many 
questions, and found he had a sick mother and six 
younger brothers and sisters whose principal support he 
was. The gentleman told him he would put him to 
school, on which the boy replied, "Oh, sir; that would 
be impossible. Mother couldn't spare me. I took her 
home nine pence yesterday." This difficulty was re- 
moved, and the family was cared for. This boy had a 
strong sense of justice. What a contrast between him 
and a man of science ! The late Sir David Brewster, 
who wrote an article for " Good Words," in which he 
makes the following fa Is" statement: "Naismith, the 



THE MIRROR. 79 

celebrated landscape painter, sent the cast of a remark- 
able head to his phrenological friend, Dr. Combe. 
The cast was carefully examined, and its high moral 
and intellectual developments were duly recorded and 
returned to the artist. But alas ! for science ; the cast 
had been taken from a remarkable turnip !" The above 
is as true as the story that is afloat to the effect that some 
cheese which was on exhibition, which was so exceed- 
ingly lively that the jury awarded it the first prize for 
gymnastics. A wedge of such a cheese was given at a 
donation party. The clergyman's wife placed it on 
a shelf in the cellar ; but during the night it jumped 
down, clambered out of the window and went back to 
the cheese and fitted itself in its place. This story, like 
Brewster's one, is to be taken for what it is worth. 
True, George Combe had such a cast sent him, but he 
detected the trick, and returned these lines pasted upon 
it: 

There was a man in Edinburgh, 

And he was wondrous wise ; 
He went into a turnip field 

And cast about his eyes. 

And when he cast his eyes about, 

And saw the turnips fine — 
"How many turnips are there ?" says he, 

That likeness bear to mine. 

"So very like they are indeed 
. No sage, I am sure, could know 
This turnip head that I have on 
From those that here do grow.'' 



80 THE MIRROR. 

He pulled a turnip from the ground ; 

A cast from it was thrown ; 
He sent it to a Spurzheimite 

And passed it for his own. 

And so, indeed, it truly was 

His own in every sense ; 
For cast and joke alike were made 

All at his own expense. 

The gentleman called on Combe the next day and 
assured him that he meant no offence and intended only 
a joke. Combe replied that he treated it as such, and 
that if he was satisfied with his share of the wit no 
feeling of uneasiness remained on the other side. 

[Edinburgh Phrenological Journal, April, 1 87 1.] 

"Nine out of every ten persons, like Brewster, who 
object to Phrenology, are men who lack Conscientious- 
ness. When this faculty is small, and Secretiveness 
very large, the person will be a slanderer. This will 
account for such misrepresenting Phrenologists and 
Phr'enology." 

I would say to the reader, never accuse another, in 
his absence, falsely without sufficient reason. 



RELIGIOUS FACULTIES. 

These worship God in faith and spirit. 
VENERATION. 

Moral use : — To reverence God and all thit is good. 
Abuse: — Bigotry, superstition, &c. It is located at the 
top of the head, between Firmness and Benevolence. 



THE MIRROR. 8l 

When extra large, it will measure, from a line drawn 
from Caution to Comparison up to Veneration, 2 7-8 
inches ; will experience the highest degree of devotion. 
Very large, 2 5-8 ; will manifest a strong love for 
antiquated customs, &c. Large, 2 1-2 inches; feels 
true devotion, and a love for divine things. Rather 
large, 2 1-4; has very fair respect for superiority. 
Average, 2 ; feels reverence and respect. Full, 1 3-4 ; 
will not be particularly devout. Moderate, 1 1-2; has 
a little reverence, with very little humility. Small, 
11-4; no reverence or regard for forms of worship. 
Very small, 1 inch ; great irreverence and disrespect. 

To cultivate, study and admire all God's works. Use 
not commonly the name of God or the devrl, nor pas- 
sages o^ Holy Scriptures, nor mock anything relating to 
piety or devotion, nor oaths, nor coarse bye-words, nor 
indecent behaviour, nor mean condition. If thy com- 
pany fall into .it to talk profanely, dangerously, 
obscenely, enviously, maliciously, passionately, or 
foolishly, and the current be not like to turn to 
better conversation ; then, if it be in thy power to do 
it handsomely, quit the room and leave them to them- 
selves ; but, if thou art bound to stay, sit by uncon- 
cerned and make not one of the lewd gang. Thou 
would better seem dull, singular, precise, or anything, 
than be a mad-man and run a muck for company. Some 
persons would like to make the impression that phren- 
ology was hostile to religion. How such can say so we 
are not at a loss to know. But allow me to say this, 
that phrenology is the only system of mental phisosophy 
that gives us the power to recognize an innate faculty 
producing a tendency to worship and adore. 



82 THE MIRROR. 



HOPE. 

Moral use : — To rely on the future for happiness, &c. 
Abuse : — Castle building, dabbling in lotteries, &c. It 
is situated at each side of Veneration, and before Con- 
scientiousness. When extra large (measure from the 
same line given in Veneration up to Hope), 2 3-4 
inches ; has unbounded expectations ; lives in the future. 
Very large, 21-2; cheerful, expects and attempts much ; 
views the bright side of everything. Large, 2 1-4; 
though disappointed, hopes on ; expects much from the 
future. Rather large, 2 inches; is hopeful, not soon 
discouraged. Average, 1 3-4 ; hopeful, realizes about 
what is expected; not sanguine. Full, 1 1-2; tries to 
live in the future and hope for better things. Moderate, 
1 1-4; too easily discouraged, attempts too little. 
Small, 1 inch ; lacks hope, given to despair. Very 
small, 3-4 of an inch • has no hope in the future. 

To cultivate, take cold water baths, mingle with 
young and lively society. To control, never buy more 
than you can pay for, and never hope against realities. 
Avoid melancholy as thou wouldest an evil spirit. Pray 
to God to help you, then put your hand to the work. 
If thou wouldest live happy, neither trust to good 
fortune nor sink under bad. Be not troubled at dis- 
appointment ; if they may be recovered, recover them; 
but if they can't, thy trouble is in vain. Leave cares 
and troubles to others and get to thyself calmness and 
quiet. So shalt thou possess an happiness which kings 
can neither keep with themselves nor suffer among their 
neighbors. 



THE MIRROR. 83 

Fear not that which cannot be avoided. It is 
extreme folly to make thyself miserable before thy 
time, or to fear that which, it may be, will never come* 
or if it do y may possibly be converted into thy felicity, 
for, often it falls out that which we most feared when it 
comes brings YhiicYi happiness with it. Always do as 
the sun does — lock at the bright side of everything ; it 
is just as cheap and three times as good for digestion. 
This is anything but a hopeful lover : 

I must hasten and bid you good night, love, 

And hie me to downy repose ; 
For fear if I don't that next day, love, 

I shall want most sadly a doze. 

It's sweet to sit by your r-icle. love, 

Till eleven or twelve in the night, 
And whisper soft words in your ear, love, 

With naught but your eyes for a light. 

But by midnight my eyes get so dull, love ; 

I feel more like sleeping than wooing, 
And I caa hardly can keep from a gape, love, 

So I think I had better be going. 

I have talked full four hours to-night, love, 

And really I have nothing to say, 
And I fear I shall go to sleep, love, 

If longer you urge me to stay. 



MARVELOUSNESS. 

Moral use: — Faith in things spiritual. Abuse: — ■ 
Superstition and witchcraft, This faculty is located in 



84 THE MIRROR. 

front of Hope, and between imitation and ideality. To- 
test the size of it, take the depth of it as in Hope, then 
take the callipers and measure from one side of the head 
to the other. When extra large, it will measure 5 
inches ; credulous, superstitious, a dreamer and believer 
in ghosts, spirits and the like. Very large, 4 3-4; 
great taste for the supernatural and marvelous. Large, 
41-2; faith in things spiritual. Rather large, 4 inches; 
the marvelous will afford the mind pleasure as well as 
the wonderful and the new. Average, 3 3-4 inches; 
admires the new and likes the wonderful if founded 
upon facts. Full, 3 1-2; will believe mainly from 
evidence. Moderate, 3 1-4 inches; believe little that 
cannot be accounted for. Small, 3 inches ; no regard 
for anything of a spiritual character, lacks faith. Very 
small, 2 3-4 inches ; no taste for either the wonder- 
ful or the new. 

To cultivate, meditate more upon Divine things. To 
control, confine yourself more to the practical things of 
life. Never oppose nor contradict a generally received 
doctrine when there are no evil consequences attending 
it. What thou canst comprehend of divine things, 
believe ; and what thou canst believe, admire. There 
is a story told of a man who was small in this faculty. 
He could not be made to believe in anything except he 
saw it. He was told that the earth evet turned round. 
He said he would not believe it, because he had watched 
the well before his door for several nights, and he 
always found the water at the bottom of the well with- 
out a drop being spilt out of it, which, if the earth 
turned round, it would have been all spilt, and which 
proved that the earth did not turn round. 



THE MIRROR. 



PROGRESSIVE FACULTIES. 

These prompt to progress, refinement and human 
elevation. 

IMITATION. 

Moral use : — To imitate that which is good in others* 
Abuse: — Servile imitation, parrot like. It is located on 
each side of Benevolence. To ascertain the size cor- 
rectly, mark the distance above the line as given in 
Marvelousness, then take the callipers and measure from 
one side to the other of the head. When extra large, 
4 1-2 inches ; talent to mimic, to copy or take patterns. 
Artists require it to be successful. Very large, 4 1-4; 
great talent to imitate in gesture and manner. v ' Large, 
4 inches ; have very good ability to copy anvthing. 
Rather large, 3 3-4 inches ; imitates pretty well. 
Average, 31-2; copy very well, but not remarkable for 
it. Full, 31-4; can imitate, but poorly. Moderate, 
3 inches ; have very little inclination to do as others do. 
Small, 2 3-4 ; very awkward in copying anything. 
Very small, 2 1-2 inches; no capacity to imitate. 

To cultivate, study to imitate all that is good in 
others — virtue, morality, and religion, To control, be 
more original and less parrot-like. Parents ought to be 
very careful as to their habits, for their children are too 
apt to imitate them in those things that would not be 
creditable to child or parent. When Conscientiousness 
:s small, and this faculty strong, the mind will be apt to 



S6 THE MIRROR. 

forge. % Wealthy parents might have protected their 
sons 'from becoming forgers if they had understood 
this J subject, or trained their children according to 
Phrenology. 

What more striking example to read a case of this 
kind . in the public papers. Horatio Lester Fletcher 
(the son of the Rev. Mr. Fletcher), who has been sen- 
tenced to a term of imprisonment for committing ex- 
tensive frauds on the Belston Savings Bank. He was 
found guilty and sentenced to three years penal servitude. 
I hope the day will come when every parent will have 
the head of every child examined, so that if one or 
more faculties are strong that are likely to interfere 
with its fature success, that the parents will be able to 
check and correct, and so improve the mind that the 
child will never bring a blemish to the fair fame of their 
parents The following hints will be useful : Indulge 
not thy mind in feeding itself upon imagination, which 
is either vain, unprofitable or impossible. Whatever 
thou seest laudable in others endeavor to attain thyself. 
Imitate what is good wheresoever thou findest it, though 
among Turks, Jews, Pagans, or heretics ; and abominate 
evil, though in thy nearest friend. The best pattern 
follow, and be happy. Do nothing by base imitation, 
for that is the right way to become a silly fellow and an 
hypocrite. Let all thy actions proceed from vital prin- 
ciples of reason in thyself, and, when thou seest rare 
examples, let them serve thee only to awaken and rouse 
thy innate virtue. "* Do not get into that vile custom of 
mocking; it is, of all injuries, the least pardonable; it 
is the language of contempt, and the plainest way by 



THE MIRROR. 87 

which it makes itself understood ; it attacks a man in 
his innermost intrenchments, the good opinion he hath 
of himself; it aims at making him ridiculous in his own 
eyes, and thus convincing him that the person who 
mocks him cannot have a worse disposition towards 
him ; renders him irreconcilable. Never take part with 
those who drink strong drink. It will never do you 

J any good to imitate such. Sir Walter Scott says : "Of 
all vices, drinking is the most incompatible with great- 
ness ; not only so, but it is incompatible with economy, 
decency, health, and honest living. " The following 
case will prove that clergymen ought to set a good 
example to their people to imitate. It ran thus : One 

I day the clergyman cailed to see a family by the name of 
Saunders. Saunders was, it so happened, drunk. Miss 
Saunders tried to remove her father into another room, 
but he would not go, saying, "I hae as muckle need 
o* the minister's visitations as any o' ye." The minister 
enters and says to Saunders, "I see you have been drink- 

1 ing, and you have taken, I think, a little too much ; it 
is a sad thing you cannot stop when you have had 
enough." "Weel, sir, that is a thing I never could tell 
— when I had enough. I ken tell when I hae some, 
and when I hae ower muckle, but I never ken when I 
hae enough. " "I am sure, Saunders, you must do 
many a foolish action when you are in that state." 
"Na dou't I do, sir ; but yea thing I am sure of I 
never drunk or sober, did sic a foolish looking thing as 
ride on twa saddles and not know of it. That is a 
thing I wad na hae done the fu'st time ever I was. I 
am na saying that you was fu' ; na, na ! May-be you 



S8 THE MIRROR. 

had'na tasted ; but if I had done it they would say that 
I was fu\" "Saunders, did I not tell you the last time 
I talked with you that I would give you a new coat if 
you would abstain for twelve months?" "You did sir, 
I maun allow, but if I were to abstain fra drinking for 
twelve months may-be I could gie you a new coat as 
well as you could gie me one. It's when I am drink- 
ing that I hae the most need of a coat." The minister 
said to Miss Saunders, "I will not proceed any further 
at present ; I have been very much put about by your 
father; I will call again upon you at an early day.' 
Miss Saunders cried out, "Father i father ! what do you 
mean?" Saunders, replied, "Hoots, woman; I think 
we got on nicely ; I had as much to say in the visitation 
as the minister had ; in fact, we gaed on just like twa 
reading verse about." 



HUMOROUSNESS. 

Moral use : — To be happy, cheerful, joyful. Abuse : 
— Ridicule, &c. It is located by the side of Casuality, 
and immediately before Ideality. When extra large, it 
will measure, with callipers, 4 3-4 inches ; will be very 
fond of fun and jokes ; will laugh, and like to see others 
do the same. Very large, 4 1-2; will enjoy a hearty 
laugh at the absurdities of others. Large, 41-2; pos- 
sess a high mirthful feeling. Rather large, 4 inches ; 
has a relish for the humorous, and enjoys fun. ^ Average, 
3 3-45 enjoys the humorous, but cannot make much 



THE MIRROR. 89 

fun. Full, 3 1-2; has some little taste for the humor- 
ous. Moderate, 3' 1-4; seldom makes fun, &c. ; don't 
like to be laughed at. Small, 3 inches ; dislikes drol- 
lery and humor. Very small ; sad and sullen ; no con- 
ception of fun. 

To cultivate, read witty books and keep the company 
of mirthful people. To control, avoid turning every- 
thing into ridicule. Remember that mirth and mischief 
are two things. If thou makest others afraid of thy 
wit, thou hadst need be afraid of their memory. Seek 
not to please and gratify company by saying or doing 
anything that thou mayect have reason to repent of by 
thyself afterwards. Abstain from wanton, dissolute and 
foolish laughter, from petulant and uncomely jests, jeer- 
ing, loud talking ; and all such things as in civil account 
are indecencies and incivilities. Jeer not any one ; it 
demonstrates thy contempt of him ; because, when thou 
jeerest, and puttest him to the blush, thou intendest not 
profit, but pleasure by it ; and it is hugely immodest 
and ignoble to take delight in confounding another, and 
exposing him to scorn or laughter, except it be in such 
small things as can bring no sort of disgrace. In thy 
conversation or writing make not too much use of fancy 
and flights of wit ; it begets vain and puerile ideas, 
which tends neither to make us wiser nor better, nor 
more acceptible. Thy thoughts should be produced by 
good sense and right reason, and ought always to be the 
effect of thy judgment. I earnestly advise thee not to 
lay prudence bye when thou takest up railery and jest- 
ing ; though they may be agreeable to some who are 
not touched, yet they usually offend more than they 



gO THE MIRROR. 

please; one shall often see this sort of wit among them- 
selves begin in jest, and play like puppies, and soon end 
in earnest and quarrel. Beware of sullen silence in 
company, and discontented looks, thy eye turning to all 
while thy face standeth still. It will be thought thou 
dislikest them all, and censurest what every one speaks or 
does, 

The following is a very good joke that quelled a 
storm. It runs thus : " Colonel Jones and Major Smith 
were neighbors ; they were both men of property, were 
good citizens, and extremely popular. They were men 
of tried courage, and had been engaged in many a 
skirmish. Like most men of their day, Jones and Smith 
would occasionally go on a spree, and their frolics were 
often protracted until late in the evening. Their pleas- 
ure on such occasions was frequently damped by the 
thought of their wives at home, who, like Tarn 
O'Shanter's good dame, sat nursing their wrath to keep 
it warm. One night, after having kept up their frolic 
until a late hour, they returned home, where Colonel 
Jones found his wife waiting for him with "a countenance 
that foretold a storm. The Colonel, whose face had 
never blanched before an enemy, quailed before the just 
indignation of his better half. Instead of going to bed 
he took a seat, and, resting his elbows on his knees, with 
his face in his hands, seemed to be completely absorbed 
in grief, sighing heavily, and uttering such exclamations 
as, •« Poor Smith 1" " Poor fellow !" His wife kept 
silent as long as possible ; but at last, overcome by 
curiosity and anxiety, inquired in a sharp tone, " What 
is the matter with Smith ?" " Ah !" says the Colonel, 



THE MIRROR. 9I 

" his wife is giving him fits now !" Mrs. Jones was 
mollified bv the joke, and her wrath dissolved. 



IDEALITY. 

Moral use : — Desire for perfection. Taste for the 
lovely and beautiful. Abuse : — Extravagant great love for 
all that is showy. It is located on each side of the head 
above the temples, below Marvellousness, and at the 
back of Humorousness. When extra large, this part 
of the head will measure with callipers, 5 3-4 inches; 
an extravagant love for the showy, glary, &c. Very 
large, 5 5-8 inches; refinement and tasre arFcrcs the 
mind pleasure, also poetry. Large, 5 1-2 inches; grea: 
taste for the lovely and beautiful in nature. Rather large, 
5 1-4.; poetry and refinement will afford the mind 
pleasure. Average, 47-8; enjoys magnificent scenes, 
but nothing remarkable. Full, 4 1-2; evinces a good 
share of taste, but prefers the plain to the ornamental. 
Moderate, 4 1-4; plain in expression, very little deli- 
cacy in feeling. Small, 4 inches ; lacks taste and re- 
finement of feeling. Very small, 3 1-2; no taste, apt 
to be rough, vulgar and gross in manners. To cultivate, 
avoid all persons of disgusting habits, who are given to 
drinking or swearing. To control, be less fastidious 
and ornamental. This faculty, strong and large intellect, 
will give the mind a talent for the fine arts, poetry, &c. 



gZ THE MIRROR. 

SUBLIMITY. 

Moral use : — Sense of grandeur in nature and art. 
Abuse : — Bombast, &c . It is located between Caution 
and Ideality. When extra large, it will measure with 
callipers 6 1-8 inches ; gives a strong passion for the 
wild and romantic. Very large,, 6 inches ; appreciates 
and admires the grand and sublime. Large, 5 3-4 
inches; fond to contemplate the vast and magnificent. 
Rather large, 5 1-2 inches; a fair feeling for the grand 
and sublime. Average, 5 1-4 inches ; enjoys the sublime 
and magnificent, but nothing very remarkable. Full, 5" 
inches; has a little conception; of grandeur, but nothing 
very vivid. Moderate, 4 3-4 ; has very little conception of 
grandeur. Small, 4 1-2 inches ; not any conception of 
the sublime. Very small, 4 1-4.; has no sublime emo- 
tions whatever. To cultivate, admire the grand in 
nature. To control, be less bombastic. 



INTELLECTUAL FACULTIES. 

Perceptive groups : — These bring the mind into* 
direct intercourse with the physical world, and takes 
cognizance of facts, phenomena and the conditions and 
qualities of things, and remembers them. 



INDIVIDUALITY. 

Moral use : — To perceive and remember that which 
is useful. Abuse : — Staring and impudently observing^ 
It is located at the lower part of the forehead, imme- 



THE MIRROR. 93 

diately above the top of the nose. When extra large 
it gives breadth between the eyebrows, and will measure 
back to the centre of the Zygomatic arch 3 inches. To 
get at the centre of this arch, take the orifice of the ear 
and the outer point of the eye, then strike a centre be- 
tween them with a foot rule. Extra large, 3 inches ; have 
a very strong desire to see and know all about everything. 
Very large, 2 7-8 inches ; a great observer of men and 
things. Large, 2 3-4 ; remarkably quick at observing ; a 
desire to see, know and examine. Rather large, 2 1-2 ; has 
very good observing powers, with a desire to see and know 
things. Average, 2 inches ; observes only conspicuous 
objects, and requires things at times to be thrust on the 
mind. Full, 1 3-4; not very apt to observe very much. 
Moderate, 1 1-2 ; very deficient in observing anything. 
Small, 1 1-4; very rarely sees anything, no taste for 
particulars. Very small, 1 inch ; no perception of facts. 
To cultivate, observe all things attentively that comes 
within the range. To control, do not stare so much 
and think a little more. 

This faculty must be large to study Botany, 
Anatomy, Geology, or any of the kindred sciences. 
A person with this faculty very large, strong and reflec- 
tive powers, with an active temperament, will be a 
sound thinker,. 



FORM. 



It is located between the eyes. When extra large it 
gives great width. It will measure with the callipers 



94 THE MIRROR. 

I 3-4 inches. Will possess the capacity to recognize 
persons to an extraordinary degree, would make a good 
portrait artist. Very large, 1 1-2 ; excellent memory 
of persons, and a very accurate perception of form. 
Large, 1 1-4; good perception of form and configura- 
tion in general. Rather large, 1 inch ; has a fair recol- 
lection of shapes, &c. Average, 7-8 of an inch ; per- 
ceives some little, but nothing remarkable. Full, 3-4 of 
an inch ; some perception, but not anything very vivid. 
Moderate, 5-8 of an inch ; has some little perception of 
forms, but rather poor. Small, 1-2 of an inch ; a mis- 
erable memory of persons. Very small, 3-8 of an inch; 
no perception of form whatever. To cultivate, try to 
form and shape everything you see. 



SIZE. 



This faculty is located at the inner corner of the eye, 
on each side of Individuality and above Form. When 
extra large it will measure with callipers 2 inches. Will 
measure accurately with the eye, proportions, angles and 
perpendiculars. It gives the artist the talent to draw per- 
spective. It is essential in the study of geometry. 
Good engravers, mechanics and architects require it. 
Very large, 1 7-8 ; will measure very accurately dis- 
tances vvirh the eye, and good at perpendiculars, angles 
and proportions. Large, 1 3-4; possesses a very good 
share of measuring power. Rather large, 1 1-2; has 
fair perceptions of size, space and proportion. Average, 
1 1-4 ; can measure with the eye, but not very ac- 



THE MIRROR. 95 

curately. Full, i inch ; will be obliged to rely on ac- 
tual measurement. Moderate, 3-4 of an inch ; very 
poor judgment of bulk, quantity, distance, &c. Small, 
5-8 of an inch ; will be very inaccurate in measuring 
with the eye. Very small, has no ability to perceive 
size. To cultivate, judge size, proportions and dis- 
tances, then measure with rule and tape. To control, 
do not allow disproportions to disturb and annoy you. 



WEIGHT. 



Is located at each side of Individuality and next to 
Size. When extra large, it will measure with a rule 
3 inches from it to the Zygomatic arch. Great talent 
for judging of mechanical forces. An intuitive percep- 
tion of specific gravity, &c. Very large, 2 7-8 inches; 
intuitive perception of weight and mechanical forces, &c. 
Large, 2 3-4 inches; a very good perception of mechan- 
ical forces and judge of weight. Rather large, 21-2; 
can judge weight pretty well. Average, 2 inches ; a 
fair perception, but not anything remarkable. Full, 
134; can judge weight some little, but not very ac- 
curately. Moderate, 1 1-2 ; not accurate as a judge of 
weight. Small, 1 1-4; cannot judge weight. Very 
small, I inch ; not any perception of weight. 



COLOR. 



Located next to Weight, over the eye, in the centre 
of the eyebrow. When extra large it will measure back 



96 THE MIRROR. 

to the arch 2 7-8 inches. Good talent to judge shades, 
tints, hues, &c, It is very large in the heads of land- 
scape painters and gardeners. Very large, 2 3-4 ; will 
be able to discriminate with accuracy colors and shades. 
Large 2 5-8 ; can discern colors very well. Rather 
large, 23-8; a pretty good taste for colors. Average, 
I 7-8 ; fair perception of colors and their shades, but 
nothing remarkable. Full, 1 3-4 ; with practice might 
judge colors. Moderate, 1 5-8 ; may tell the primitive 
colors from each other, but not much more. Small, 
1 3-8 ; can hardly distinguish one color from another* 
Very small, y-S of an inch ; cannot perceive one color 
from another. 

There was a gentleman in Dublin who was very 
fond of drawing, he painted his trees red instead of 
green. A young man, who wished to learn the haber- 
dashery business in Edinburgh, was so deficient in this 
organ, that he could scarcely tell the difference between 
red and yellow. An amateur student approached Mr, 
Opie, the great historical painter, with the question, 
"Pray, sir, may I ask what you mix your colors with?" 
" With brains, sir," was the prompt reply. When 
young men are small in this facuity, they will never do 
for painters, gardeners or drapers. It is very advisable 
that parents should understand the talents of their child- 
ren before placing them to trades or professions ; by so 
doing money, time, &c, would and could be saved. 



RELATIVE PERCEPTIVE FACULTIES. 

These perceive and remember the relations of things* 
in time, place and number. 



' 1 



THE MIRROR. 97 

LOCALITY. 

Located at each side of Individuality, above Weight. 
When extra large it measures back to the centre of the 
arch 3 inches. Gives the mind a strong geographical 
talent. Possesses an excellent memory for localities. 
Gives a passion for traveling. Very large, 2 j-S ; ex- 
cellent memory for places ; great talent for geography. 
Large, 2 3-4 ; a great desire to see places, and can 
remember them. Rather large, 2 1-2 ; remembers locali- 
ties and their relative positions very well. Average, 2 
inches ; a fair memory of places, but apt to get lost in a 
large town or forest. Full, 1 3-4; has but a faint recol- 
lection of places, very apt to get lost. Moderate, 1 1-2; 
no natural taste for geography. Small, 1 1-4 ; no ca- 
pacity to remember places. Very small, 1 inch ; no talent 
for geography. 



NUMBER. 

It is located at the external angle of the eye, at the 
back of Order. When extra large, it will measure, 
from one side to the other, 4 7-8 inches. Gives an ex- 
cellent memory for numerical and mental arithmetic ; 
great power to calculate, substract and divide. Very 
large, 43-4; excellent talent for numbers. Large, 
45-8; very good arithmetical talent, and will excel 
with practice. Rather large, 41-2; possesses very good 
calculating power. Average, 4 1-4; can learn to figure 
with practice. Full, 4 1-8; will add and calculate with 



98 THE MIRROR. 

some difficulty. Moderate, 4 inches ; will be rather 
dull in figures. Small, 3 3-4; very little talent for 
numbers. Very small, 3 1-2 inches ; no talent for 
numbers. Teachers ought to understand this subject, 
and train their pupils according to the talent they possess. 
Homer could not multiply. Beethoven used to make 
long lines of twos, some yards long, to find out how 
many twice twenty made. He ordered his cook to buy 
a number of things which he wrote down with the 
prices attached and the total added up below. The 
tradesman found mistakes in summing up and corrected 
them, but not without some severe reflections on the 
great composer's ignorance of w T hat every school-boy 
knew. ' Sydney Smith, the great political philosopher, 
it was impossible to teach him figures. Horace Wal- 
pole said, " I am a woeful arithmetician. I could never 
learn my multiplication. Alexander Dumas could never 
master short division. Sheridan, the great orator, who 
was about being made Chancellor of the Exchequer, 
could not work a sum up in long division. Lord Lyttel- 
ton, once the Chancellor of the Exchequer, never in his 
life could learn that two and two are four. Leigh Hunt 
was unable to deal with the simplest question in arith- 
metic. Lord Byron cursed the bills he was two hours in 
adding up, one under #30. He said that if the old demon 
Eldon decided mens' sanity by figures, he should be 
consigned to durance vile. Washington Irving was very 
backward in sums. He used to change tasks with the 
boys ; he would write their themes, while ihcy would 
work his sums. George Combe could never master 
figures. Lady Eskdale said to a number of friends that 



THE MIRROR. 



99 



there were 230 voters still unpolled, and Mr. Mullens 
assures me that of these we are sure of 120 or 130, I 
forget which ; and, do you see, we must substract 130 
from 250, and 287 from 130, and then add — . No that 
is not right. Sums are difficult, but that the result would 
give us a majority I know, because Mr. Mullens says so. 
Lady Mary Montague, writing to her daughter, the 

I Countess of Bute : " I am pleased to hear that my eldest 
grandchild is a good arithmetician ; it is the best proof 
of understanding. The knowledge of numbers is one 
of the chief distinctions between us and the brutes. " 
It is evident that this lady did not know anything of the 
human mind, or she would not have wrote such non- 

• sense. Her grandchild would be no less a woman if she, 
like Lord Lyttelton, could not learn that two and two 
are four. 



O R D ER. 

It is located between Color and Number. When 
extra large it will measure back to the centre of the arch 
2 1-2 inches. Will be perfectly systematic, particular 
to have a place for everything, and everything in its 
place. When the temperament is very active, then the 
person will be apt to over-work, and become an annoy- 
ance to all who are in the way. Very large, 2 3-8 
inches j very precise, and a great lover of o*der and 
system. Large, 2 1-4; love to have things in their 
proper places ; very much annoyed when not in place. 
Rather large, 2 ; fond of order, and will evince a good 
share of system. Average, 1 3-4; likes order, but will 



IOO THE MIRROR. 

not be systematic in it. Full, I 1-2 ; likes, but will not 
keep order in anything. Moderate, 1 1-8 ; rather 
careless about putting things in their proper places. 
Small, 7-8 of an inch ; great want of method, careless 
and slovenly. Very small, 3-4 of an inch ; no regard 
for system, method, or order. 



EVENTUALITY 

Is located in the centre of the forehead, above Indi- 
viduality and below Comparison. When extra large, it 
will measure back to the centre of the Zygomatic arch 
3 1-8 inches. Gives a very retentive memory of his- 
torical facts, and will remember vividly the occurrences 
related in books, &c. Very large, 2 7-8 ; a strong' 
memory for events, talent for history. Large, 2 3-4 ; a 
very good memory for things in general. Rather large, 
2 1-2 ; a good general memory with practice. Average, 
2 inches ; very fair recollection of leading events. Full, 
1 3-4; a very poor memory for particulars. Moderate, 
1 1-2, very forgetful of details. Small, 1 1-4; forgets 
nearly everything ; no memory for dates, &c. Very 
small, 1 inch ; no mind, or memory, or taste for facts, 
events, &c. To cultivate, charge your mind by recalling 
what has been read and heard. Smoking, snuffing, and 
drinking alcoholic liquors will destroy memory. 



TIME. 



It is located in the middle region of the forehead, on 
each side of Eventuality and above Color and Order. 



THE MIRROR. IOI 

When extra large, It will measure back to the centre of 
the arch 2 3-4 inches; can tell the time of day as 
correctly as if they had a time-piece. Very large, 2 5-8 ; 
an excellent talent for time by intuition. Large, 2 1-2; 
very good talent for the perception of time in music. 
Rather large, 2 3-8 ; perception of time, with a fair 
memory for the duration of time. Average, 1 7-8 ; 
perceives and remembers time pretty well with practice. 
Full, I 1-2 ; poor perception of time in music. 
Moderate, 1 1-4; have a very imperfect idea of time. 
Small, 1 inch ; fall very far short of keeping correct 
time. Very small, 3.4 of an inch ; no talent for time, 
•fails to be punctual. To cultivate, time every thing and 
be regular in all habits. Be punctual even in small 
matters, as meeting a friend, restoring a book ; for fail- 
ing in little will bring thee to fail in greater, and always 
render thee suspected, and thou shalt never after be con- 
fided in. 



TUNE. 

It is located between Time and Constructiveness, over 
Order and Number. When extra large, the head will 
measure, with Callipers, from one side to the other, 5 1-2 
inches ; gives extraordinary musical taste and talent. 
The temperament, as well as the measurement^ must be 
taken into consideration when testing its strength. Very 
large, 51-4; has a very fine perception of concord and 
discord; enchanted with good music. Large, 5 1-8; 
has very good musical talent. Rather large, 4 7-8 ; 
with practice will show very fine musical talent. 



102 THE MIRROR. 

Average, 4 5-8 ; taste for melody and natural music. 
Full, 4 3-8 ; has some little taste, but lacks musical 
talents, Moderate, 4 inches ; learn to play tunes with 
great difficulty, except the temperament be very active. 
Small, 3 3-4; very little perception of music. Very 
small, 3 1-2 ; no talent whatever for music. 

Large Tune, Ideality, and Intellect are required to com- 
pose music. Many take music lessons to no purpose. 
It would be well for society to understand this subject of 
Phrenology. Money would not be wasted, and time 
lost, on the mind that was without musical talent. " Tune 
gives the perception of melody ; but this is only one in- 
gredient in a genius for music. Tune is requisite to a 
just perception of intervals, to the proper appreciation 
of harmony. Secretiveness and Imitation to produce 
expression. Weight, Form and Individuality, large, 
with fine Temperament, these give great musical talent." 



EXPRESSIVE AND REFLECTIVE FACULTIES. 

This group perceives and remembers the relation of 
other perceptions, investigates cases, and expresses ideas 
in words, &c. 



LANGUAGE. 

It is located behind the eye. When extra large, the 
eye will be pushed outwards and downwards, swelling 
out the bottom eye-lid 5-8 of an inch. Gives a talent 



THE MIRROR. IO3 

to study languages with great facility. Very large, 1-2 
an inch. Can be very fluent and exceedingly expressive. 
Large, 7-16 of an inch ; an excellent perception and 
memory of words. Rather large, 3-8 of an inch; 
commands a fair share of words; fluent when excited. 
Average, 5-16; have very fair communicative talents, 
with practice. Full, 1-4 of an inch; rather barren in 
expression ; may write better than speak. Moderate, 
3-16; has poor communicative talent, hesitates for 
words. Small, 1-8 of an inch ; can hardly remember 
words. Very small, 1-16 of an inch ; no verbal mem- 
ory for words. To cultivate, talk of what you have 
seen and read as often as you can. Whenever thou per- 
ceivest the least motion of anger within thee, make 
haste to check it as thou wouldst to quench a fire in thy 
house ; and be sure to keep strict watch over thy tongue, 
that it breaks not out into provoking expressions, for that 
breath will blow up the fire, not only in thy antagonist, 
but in thyself. 



COMPARISON. 

• 
This faculty i3 located above Eventuality. When 
extra large, it will measure, from a perpendicular line 
drawn from the centre of the Zygomatic Arch to Com- 
parison, 2 7-8 inches. A wonderful talent for analogy 
will be very critical. Very large, 2 3-4; an excellent 
talent for comparing, explaining, criticizing and expos- 
ing. Large, 2 5-8 ; perceives analogies and their re- 
lation to principles very well. Rather large, 23-8: 



104 THE MIRROR. 

possess a fair share of clearness and demonstrative. 
Average, 17-8; perceives analogies, but fails to carry 
them out in principle. Full, 1 1-2 ; may perceive 
striking similarities, but overlook others. Moderate, 
1 1-4; rather poor to explain and clear up points. 
Small, I inch ; very poor talent for drawing inferences. 
Very small, 3-4 of an inch ; no capacity to reason by 
analogy. 



CAUSALITY. 

It is located at each side of comparison. The 
measurements are taken from the same line as in Com- 
parison. Extra large, 2 7-8 ; great talent for meta- 
physical speculations and abstract reasoning. Very 
large, 2 3-4 ; great desire to know the why and where- 
fore of things, displays originality of mind. Large, 
2 5-8; can trace causation with considerable clearness. 
Rather large, 2 3-8 ; reasons and adapts means to _nds 
very fair. Average, 1 7-8 ; adapts means to ends very 
Well, but not a reasoner. Full, 1 t-2 ; poor perception 
of causation ; cannot deal with ideas in the abstract. 
Moderate, 1 1-4; very seldom arrange* things before 
hand. Small, 1 inch; deficient in planning and reason- 
ing power. Very small, 3-4 of an inch ; no capacity to 
trace effect to cause, thoughtless and foolish. To 
cultivate, think and read, plan and construct, and make as 
much use of your own mind as you can. 

A few hints will be useful on this faculty. Out of 
the books you read extract what you like ; then single 



THE MIRROR. IO5 

out some particulars from the rest for that day's medi- 
tation. So long as the meat lies whole upon the 
stomach, it is a burthen to us ; but upon digestion, it 
passeth into strength and blood. And so it fares with 
our studies. So long as they be whole they pass into 
the memory without affecting the understanding and 
affections ; but upon meditation they become our own, 
and supply us with strength and virtue. You may as 
well expect to grow stronger by always eating, as wiser 
by always reading ; too much overcharges nature, and 
turns more into disease than nourishment. 



HUMAN NATURE 

Is located above Comparison and below Benevolence. 
When extra large, this part oi' the head will stand out 
2 3-4 inches from the line taken from the centre of the 
arch ; a strong talent for the study of physiognomy. Very 
large, 2 5-8 ; can form a very correct judgment as to 
character. Large, 21-2; can read men well from their 
looks. Rather large, 23-8; have very fair talent for 
reading character. Average, 2 inches ; with practice 
could read character very fairly. Fall, 1 3-4; not any 
extra talent for reading character. Moderate, 1 1-2; 
very poor hand to read character. S.nall, 1 1-4; will be 
very apt to be imposed upon by others. Very small ; 
no taste or talent for the study of human nature. To 
cultivate; scan closely the actions of all men. 

A great physiologist, when lecturing before his class, 
said, pointing to himself, " This is the work you must 
study if you wish to become eminent in your professions. " 



I06 THE MIRROR. 



AGREEABLENESS. 



It is located above Causality, and at each side of Hu- 
man Nature. When extra large it will measure with 
the callipers 4 1-4 inches ; will possess a very persuasive 
and conciliatory manner. Very large, 4 inches ; very 
polite and agreeable in company. Large, 3 1-2; very 
pleasing and persuasive in manner. Rather large, 3 
inches; very pleasant and agreeable. Average, 2 3-4 ; 
can show a good share of pleasantness at times. Full, 
2 1-2; not at all pleasant or persuasive. Moderate, 2 1-4; 
will fail sadly to win the good graces of others. Small, 
2 1-8; very disagreeable and unpleasant. Very small, 2 
inches ; a pest to society; a very sour temper. To culti- 
vate, study and practise politeness to all classes of society; 
try it and you will find that civility is a fortune. It is a 
well known fact that a courteous man generally succeeds 
well in life. The famous Duke of Marlborough is a case 
in point. It was said of him by a contemporary, that 
his agreeable manners often converted an enemy into a 
friend; and by another, that it was more pleasing to be 
denied a favor by his Grace than to receive one from 
► most men. The gracious manner of Charles James Fox 
preserved him from general dislike, even at the time 
when he was, politically, the most unpopular man in the 
kingdom. History is full of such examples of success 
obtained by civility. The experience of every man fur- 
nishes, if we but recall the past, frequent instances where 
conciliatory manners have made the fortunes of physicians, 
lawyers, divines, politicians, merchants, and indeed, in- 
dividuals of all pursuits. 



TESTIMONIALS. 



Birkenhead, October 4, 186 1. 
Prof. P. Graham examined my head, and I give him this 
testimonial, testifying to the value of his system of Phrenology. 
All his measurements agree with the facts. 

Joseph Baylee, D. D. Principal of £k Aidan's College. 

Prof. P. Graham's delineations of character are very accurate. 
I have known him for many years, and he is a gentleman I 
have the highest opinion of. 

Rev. Dr. Blakeney, L. L.D. 

A T civ Brighton, i860. 
Prof. P. Graham's measurements, to my great surprise, 
correspond with every feature of my character. 

Rev. Dr. Poggi, Principal of New Brighton College. 

Clang hton, 1860* 
Prof. P. Graham with his measurements is a complete master 
of the science of phrenology. He was very correct in his 
delineations of my character. 

Rev. W. D.Bentley, of St Aidan's College. 

Liverpool, 1863. 
Prof. P. Graham very carefully delineated my character. To 
test his system, I had my head examined a second time, and his 
second measurement and chart agreed with the first examina- 
tion. Henry Claughton, Naval Architect. 

Abbey Toivn, 1866. 
It affords me great pleasure to bear testimony to Prof. P. 
Graham's great ability as a practical Phrenologist. 

Rev. A. Ashworth, M. A. 



TESTIMONIALS— CONTINUED. 

Ebbey Vale, 1863. 
Prof. P. Graham is a very able delineator of character. 

Rev. W. Hughes, 
London, 1862. 
A vast amount of real and lasting good resulted from Prof. 
P. Graham's examinations of character. Dr. Day. 

London, 1862. 
Prof. P. Graham's examinations were productive of much 
good to our people. W. Swindlehurst, Esq. 

London, 1862. 
Prof. P. Graham's delineations of character were very cor- 
rect and gave great satisfaction. George Ling, Esq. 

Ellin g, 1862. 
Prof. P. Graham's measurements and charts of character 
agree very correctly with the characters of those examined. 

Wm, Bond, Esq.' 
Pont/ract, 1868. 
Your examinations give our people great satisfaction. 

Edward Tyer, Esq. 
Birkenhead, 1S66. 
Prof. P. Graham has a great work in hand, and his vigorous 
powers have done much for the people. 

Rev. R. H. Lundie, M. A. 
Prof. P. Graham is a complete master of the science of 
phrenology. Edinburgh News, 1862. 

Prof. P. Graham is a very clever delineator of character. 

Potter's Paper, Feb. 1869. 
We strongly advise parents to consult Prof. P. Graham about 
their children's talents Bamsley Chronicle, 1S67. 

Prof, P. Graham's delineations of character were well patron- 
ized. Chorley Standard, 1868. 
Prof. P. Graham's charts of character gave our people very 
great satisfaction. Penrith Observer, 1S66. 

PROFESSOR P. GRAHAM, 

TUERS AVE., BERGEN CITY. N. J. 



Frank Leslie's Publications, 



CLUB TERMS. 

Illustrated Newspaper. 

Five copies one year, in one wrapper, to one address, $20 ; with extra copy 

to person getting up club. 

Chimney Corn9i\ 

Five copies one year, in one wrapper, to one address, $20 ; with extra copy 
to person getting up club. 

Illustrirte Zeitung v 

One copy one year, $4. Five copies, $15. 

Bays' & Girls' Weekly. 

Three copies, $6.50. Five copies. $10 : and $2 for every additional subscrip- 
tion. Postmasters sending subscriptions of ten will be entitled to 
receive Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper or Frank 
Leslie's Chimnky Corxbb tor one year. 

Budget of Fun. 

Four copies, $■!» ; with extra copy to person getting up club. 

Pleasant Hours. 

Four copies, $0 ; with extra copy to person getting up club. 

Lady's Magazine. 

Four copies one year, in one wrapper, to one address, $14 ; witb extra copy 
to person getting up club. 

One copy Lady's Magazine and Illustrated Newspaper. 

one year, $7. 

One copy Chimney Corner and Lady's Magazine, one year. $7. 

One copy Illustrated Newspaper or Chimney Corner and 
Pleasant Hours, $5. 

One copy Illustrated Neirspiper or Chimney Corner and 

Budget, $5. 

One copy one year. Illustrated Newspaper, Chimney Cvr.er 
and Lady's Magazine, flvl 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



Frank Leslie's PMA^LWl 

1 

Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, 

Weekly, 10 Cents, or $4 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Chimney Corner, 

Weekly, 10 Cents, or $4 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Illustrirte Zeitung, 

Weekly, 10 Cents, or $4 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Lady's Journal, 

Weekly,. 10 Cents, or $4 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Tag fur Tag (German), 

Weekly, 10 Cents, or $4 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Gartenlaube (German\ 

Weekly, 6 Cents, or $3 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Boys' and Girls' Weekly, 

5 Cents, or $2.50 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Budget of Fun, 

15 Cents, or $1.50 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Lady's Magazine, 

Monthly-$3.50 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Pleasant- Hour?, 

Monthly, 15 Cents, or $150 a Year. 

Frank Leslie's Illustrated Almanac, 

50 Cents. 

Frank Leslie's Comic Almanac, 

15 Cents. 

J^XtJLlVK: LESLIE, 

£33*7 3?oarl Street, WeTe TlTcxrlaL. 



